| Aryan swâdú-, ‘sweet,’ was lost at an early period in Teut.
Sutter, m., ‘sea-adder,’ early ModHG. |
only, from late MidHG. sutteren, ‘to boil over’; allied, like MidHG. Sudel, to sieden. |
T.
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Tabak, m., ‘tobacco,’ ModHG. only; orig. an American word (like Kartoffel), now found in all modern languages; comp. Du. tabak, E. tobacco, Fr. tabac, Ital. tabacco, Span. tabaco; ‘properly the roll through which the smoke of the prepared plant was imbibed.’ Tadel, m., ‘blame, censure, reproof,’ from MidHG. tadel, m. and n., ‘fault, stain, defect (bodily or mental). The word is recorded at a remarkably late period — the end of the 12th cent. — but this, of course, does not prove that it was borrowed. The Teut. root daþ (dad?) contained in it has been compared, probably without just grounds, with Gr. τωθάω (root dhôdh), ‘to deride, mock.’ Tafel, f., ‘table, tablet, slab,’ from MidHG. tavel, tavele, f., ‘tablet, picture, table,’ OHG. tavala (tabala, tabella), f., ‘tablet’; borrowed during the OHG. period from Lat. tabula, tabella. Even in the pre-HG. period Lat. tabula passed into HG. and was normally permutated; comp. OHG. zabal, MidHG. zabel (see Schach). It corresponds to the Romance cognates, Ital. tavola, ‘table, tablet, board, picture, Fr. table (E. table). — Tafelrunde, f., ‘Round Table,’ like the equiv. MidHG. tavelrande (especially of King Arthur); an imitation of Fr. table ronde. Tag, m., ‘day, daylight,’ from the equiv. MidHG. and OHG. tac (g), m.; common to Teut. in the form dago-; comp. Goth. dags, OIc. dagr, AS. dœg, E. day (also to dawn), Du. and OSax. dag. This specifically Teut. word represents the stem, almost obsolete in Teut., of the equiv. Lat. dies, Sans. dina, OSlov. dī̆nī̆ (Goth. sin-teins, ‘daily,’ see Sündflut). To explain Teut. dago- (to which AS. dôgor, OIc. dœ́gr, from dôgoz, dôgiz, are allied), it has been connected with the Sans. root dah (for Aryan dhē̆gh, dhō̆gh?), ‘to burn’; this appears further in Lith. dègti, ‘to burn,’ dágas, dagà, ‘harvest’ (also in Sans. áhar, n., ‘day’?). Hence the base dhógho-s, common to G. Tag and Lith. dágas, means |
perhaps ‘the hot period of the day or year’ (comp. Ostern as a proof that names for periods of the day and year may be identical). Tag in G. denoted originally only the light period of the day; the day of twenty-four hours was called Nacht. —
täglich, adj. and adv. ‘daily,’ from the equiv. MidHG. tagelîch (tegelîch), adj., tagelichen (tege-lîches), adv., OHG. tagalîh, adj., tagalîhhin, tagolîhhes, adv. The adj. has been formed from the adv., which is again a combination of two words, as in the phrase (allaro) tago gilîh (hes); for gilîh in the sense of ‘every,’ see männiglich; tago gilîhhes (lit. ‘on each of the days’) is an adverb genit. like OHG., MidHG., and ModHG. des tages. See further verteidigen. Takel, n., ‘tackle,’ ModHG. only, adopted, like many nautical terms, from LG.; comp. the equiv. Du. takel, E. tackle, Dan. takkel, Swed. takel. The literal meaning of this, which is peculiar to maritime dialects, was ‘implements (in general),’ which leads to kinship with Goth. taujan, ‘to make’ (comp. tooijen, ‘to adorn,’ E. tool). Talg, m., ‘tallow,’ ModHG. only, from LG. (talg), hence unknown to Swab. and Bav.; allied to Du. talk, AS. *tealg, E. tallow, OIc. tolgr. Teut. talgo- (tolgo-) cannot be traced farther back; yet note AS. tœlg, ‘colour’ (see Seife). It is scarcely connected with Goth. tulgus, ‘firm’ (Talg, lit. ‘that which has become solid’?). The proper HG. (UpG.) word is Unschlitt. Tand, m., ‘toy, trifle, bauble,’ from MidHG. tant, m., ‘idle talk, tricks’ (to which MidHG. tanten, ‘to play a practical joke,’ is allied). — Tändelei, f., ‘toying, trifling, dawdling,’ ModHG. only, is a derivative of Tand (in MidHG. once only tenterîe). In OHG. only a corresponding tantarôn, ‘to be mentally perplexed,’ is recorded. No further light can be thrown on the HG. stem tant. Tang, m., ‘sea-weed,’ ModHG. only, formed from the equiv. Scand. þang (Dan. tang), whence also E. tang, tangle. |
