Page:An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language.djvu/427

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symptom, indication,’ from the equiv. MidHG. zeichen, OHG. zeihhan, n.; corresponding to OSax. têkan, Du. teeken, AS. tâcn, E. token, and the equiv. Goth. taikns. A derivative of the Aryan root dī̆g, dī̆k, which appears also in zeihen and zeigen; this root with k is contained further in AS. tœ̂čęan, E. to teach (comp. the g of Lat. dignus, prodigium, and of Gr. δεῖγμα). — Der. zeichnen, vb., ‘to mark, draw, delineate,’ from MidHG. zeichenen, OHG. zeihhanen; lit. ‘to furnish with marks.’

Zeidler, m., ‘keeper of bees, from the equiv. MidHG. zîdelœre, OHG. zîdalâri, m.; a derivative of OHG. zîdal-, MidHG. zîdel-, espec. in the compound zîdalweida, MidHG. zîdelweide, ‘forest in which bees are kept.’ This zîdal (pre-HG. *tîþlo- probably appears also in LG. tielbär, ‘honey-bear’) does not occur in any other OTeut. dialect, but it is not necessary on that account to assume a foreign origin for the word. The word is supposed to have come from Slav. territory, where the keeping of bees is widely spread, being based on OSlov. bĭčela, ‘keeper of bees’ (comp. Lebkuchen); but this derivation is not quite probable. Its connection with Seidelbast (MidHG. zîdel-, sîdelbast) and Zeiland is equally uncertain.

zeigen, ‘to show, point out, demonstrate,’ from MidHG. zeigen, OHG. zeigôn, str. vb., ‘to show, indicate’; a specifically HG. derivative of the Teut. str. verbal root tī̆h, ModHG. zeihen. The latter comes from MidHG. zîhen, str. vb., ‘to accuse of, depose concerning,’ OHG. zîhan, ‘to accuse'; also ModHG. verzeihen, ‘to pardon,’ MidHG. verzîhen, OHG. frizîhan, ‘to deny, refuse pardon.’ Based on the Aryan str. verbal root dik (for dig see Zeichen); comp. Sans. diç, ‘to exhibit, produce, direct to,’ Gr. δείκνυμι, ‘to show,’ Lat. dico, ‘to say.’ The primary meaning of the root is preserved by Zeichen and zeigen, as well as by Goth. gateihan, ‘to announce, narrate, proclaim, say’; comp. the compounds OSax. aftîhan, AS. ofteón, ‘to deny.’ In HG. the word seems to have acquired a legal sense (comp. Lat. causidicus judex); comp. Inzicht.

Zeiland, m., ‘spurge laurel,’ from the equiv. MidHG. zîlant; scarcely allied to MidHG. zîl, ‘briar’; more probably connected with Seidelbast. Comp. Zeidler.

Zeile, f., ‘line, row, rank,’ from the equiv. MidHG. zîle, OHG. zîla, f. (late MidHG.

also ‘lane’). A specifically HG. derivative of the Teut. root tī̆ from which Ziel and Zeit are also derived.

Zeisig, m., ‘siskin,’ from the equiv. MidHG. zîsec, usually zîse, f. Borrowed, like Stieglitz and Kiebitz, from Slav. (Pol. czyż, Bohem. čižek), whence also LG. ziseke, sieske, Du. sijsje. E. siskin, Dan. sisgen, Swed. siska.

Zeit, f., ‘time, epoch, period, tense,’ from the equiv. MidHG. and OHG. zit, f. and n. (OHG. zîd, n.); corresponding to OSax. tîd, Du. tijd, AS. tîd, E. tide (comp. Du. tij, which is also used of the flow of the sea). The root of Teut. tî-di-, ‘time,’ is tî-, as is proved by the equiv. OIc. tíme, AS. tîma, E. time (comp. Goth. hweila under Weile). A corresponding Aryan root dī̆ is presupposed by Sans. a-diti, ‘unlimited in time and space, unending, endless’ (the name of the goddess Aditi). Other Teut. derivatives of the same root are Zeile and Ziel, which also point to the ‘limitless in time or space’. —

Zeitlose, f., ‘meadow saffron,’ from MidHG. zîtlôse, OHG. zîtilôsa; the name of the plant is due to the fact that it does not bloom at the ordinary period of flowering plants. —

Zeitung, f., ‘newspaper, gazette,’ from late MidHG. zîtunge, ‘information, news’; comp. Du. tijding, E. tidings, OIc. tiðende, ‘tidings.’ The evolution of the meaning from the stem of Zeit is not quite clear; comp., however, E. to betide.

Zelle, f., ‘cell,’ from the equiv. MidHG. zëlle; formed from Lat. cella (comp. Keller).

Zelt, n., ‘tent, pavilion, awning,’ from the equiv. MidHG. zëlt (more frequently gezëlt), OHG. zëlt (usually gizëlt), n. A common Teut. word; comp. AS. gëteld, ‘tent, pavilion, cover’ (hence E. tilt), OIc. tjald, ‘curtain, tent.’ From OTeut., Fr. taudis, ‘hut’ (Span. and Port. toldo, ‘tent’?), is derived; OFr. taudir, ‘to cover,’ points to the AS. str. vb. betëldan, ‘to cover, cover over’ (E. and Du. tent is based upon Fr. tente; comp. Ital. tenda, from Lat. tendere). Hence the evolution of meaning of Zelt may be easily understood from a Teut. root teld, ‘to spread out covers.’ The following word is allied.

Zelte, m., ‘cake, tablet, lozenge,’ from the equiv. MidHG. zëlte, OHG. zëlto, m. Perhaps derived from the Teut. root teld, ‘to spread out’ (see the preceding word). Comp. Fladen for the meaning.

Zelter, m., ‘palfrey, ambling pace,’ from