he planned are the hall of justice, New York ; the U. S. naval hospital, Norfolk, Va. ; the deaf and dumb asylum, Philadelphia; the state insane asylum, Harrisburg ; the U. S. mint at Philadel- phia, and the eastern penitentiary in that city. The latter increased his reputation greatly as a designer of prison-buildings, and he afterward planned the state penitentiaries of New Jersey, Missouri, and Rhode Island. He introduced the plan of building the cells in lines radiating from a common centre. He published, with Hugh Bridg- port, " Builders' Assistant, for the Use of Carpen- ters and Others " (3 vols., Baltimore, 1818).
HAVILAND, Thomas Heath, Canadian states-
man, b. in Charlottetown, 13 Nov., 1822. He was
educated at Brussels, Belgium, studied law, and
was called to the bar of Prince Edward Island in
1846. He was a member of the executive council
of the island from April, 1859, till November, 1862,
for a short period in 1865, in 1866-'7, and from
September, 1870, till April, 1872, having been co-
lonial secretary during those periods, except in
1865, when he was solicitor-general. After 1865
he either held office or led the opposition in the
provincial parliament, until he was called to the
senate, 18 Oct., 1873. He has represented George-
town in the provincial assembly since 1846, was
a delegate to the Quebec union conference in 1864,
and to Ottawa in May, 1873, to arrange the final
terms upon which the island was admitted into
the Dominion. On 14 July, 1879, he was appointed
lieutenant - governor of Prince Edward Island,
which office he retained until 1 Aug., 1884.
HAVILAND, William, British soldier, b. in
Ireland in 1718; d. 16 Sept., 1784. He was aide to
Gen. Blakeney in the rebellion of 1745, and in
1757 was lieutenant-colonel of the 27th regiment
under Loudon in this country. He served under
Abercrombie at Ticonderoga in 1758, under Am-
herst in 1759-'60, and as brigadier-general com-
manded the expedition that reduced Isle Aux Noix,
St. Johns, and Chambly, entering Montreal with
Amherst in September, 1760. Owing to his me-
chanical genius, he was enabled to invent means
for passing the rapids of the St. Lawrence, and
contributed greatly to the success of the English
army. He was senior brigadier-general and sec-
ond in command at the reduction of Martinique in
February, 1762, and commanded the 4th brigade at
the siege of Havana. He was appointed lieutenant-
general in 1772, and general, 19 Feb., 1783.
HAWES, Joel, clergvman, b. in Medway, Mass.,
22 Dec, 1789 ; d. in Gilead, Conn., 5 June, 1867.
He was of humble parentage, and had few oppor-
tunities for early education. He was graduated at
Brown in 1813, studied theology at Andover, and
on 4 March, 1818, was ordained pastor of the 1st
Congregational church in Hartford, Conn., of which
he was sole pastor until 1860. senior pastor until
1864, and pastor emeritus until his death. In 1844
he visited Europe and the east, spending several
months in Asia Minor and Turkey, where his
daughter was a missionary. He was a frequent
contributor to the religious press and periodicals,
and published "Lectures to Young Men," which
had a large circulation in the United States and
Great Britain (Hartford, 1828); "Tribute to the
Memory of the Pilgrims" (1830); "Memoir of
Normand Smith " (1839) : " Character Everything
to the Young" (1843); "The Religion of the East"
(1845) ; " Looking-Glass for the Ladies, or the For-
mation and Excellence of Female Character"
(1845); "Washington and Jay" (1850); and "An
Offering to Home Missionaries," discourses on home
missions, which he published at his own expense
for distribution to the missionaries of the Ameri-
can home missionary society (1865.)
HAWES, Richard, lawyer, b. in Caroline
county, Va., 6 Feb., 1797; d. in Bourbon county,
Ky., 25 May, 1877. He emigrated to Kentucky in
1810. After being educated at Transylvania uni-
versity he studied law, was admitted to the bar, and
began his practice in Winchester, Kv. He was a
member of the legislature in 1828, 1829, and 1836,
and in the latter year he was elected to congress as
a Whig, serving until 1841. He subsequently be-
came an ardent Democrat, advocated the southern
cause during the civil war, and left Kentucky with
Breckinridge and others in 1861. On the death of
George W. Johnson, at Shiloh, he was elected to
succeed him in the nominal office of " provision-
al " or Confederate governor of Kentucky. When
Bragg entered the state, Hawes went with him to
Frankfort, and was installed governor. 4 Oct., 1862,
but was compelled to retire immediately, in conse-
quence of the advance of a division of Buell's army.
After the -close of the war he returned to Paris,
Ky., and in 1866 was appointed county judge,
which office he held until his death.
HAWES, William Post, author, b. in New
York city, 4 Feb., 1803; d. in 1842. He was
graduated at Columbia in 1821, studied law with
John Anthon, and practised with success in his
native city. He was the author of many essays,
and also wrote upon political topics. A collection
of his writings was published shortly after his
death, entitled "Sporting Scenes and Sundry
Sketches, being the Miscellaneous Writings of J.
Cvpress, Jr.." edited, with a memoir, bv Henry
William Herbert (1842).
HAWKINS, Benjamin Waterhouse, educator, b. in London. England, 8 Feb., 1807. He was educated at St. Aloysius college, and also studied art under the sculptor William Behnes. After 1827 he devoted himself to the study of
natural history, and in 1852 included the subject of geology. During 1842-'7 he was engaged in making studies from living animals in Knowsley park for the Earl of Derby. Mr. Hawkins was assistant superintendent of the World's fair in London in 1851. In 1852 he was appointed by the
Crystal palace company to restore the external forms of the extinct animals to their natural gigantic size, and then devoted three and a half years to the construction of the thirty-three life- size models which were placed in the Crystal palace park, many of which were of colossal pro-
portions. In the interior of his model of the Iguanodon he carried out, on 30 Dec, 1853, his idea of giving a dinner to about twenty literary and scientific gentlemen, including Sir Richard Owen and Prof. Edward Forbes. He came to New York in 1868, and lectured on popular science in the hall of the Cooper union. Later he was engaged to make
models of extinct animals for the Central park museum, and for a time was occupied in making studies for Princeton college. He was elected a fellow of the Linnean society in 1847, of the Geological society in 1854, and a member of the Society of arts in 1846. He has published "Popular Comparative Anatomy" (London, 1840): "Elements of Form" (1842); "Comparative View of the Human and Animal Frame" (1860); "Atlas of Elementary Anatomy, with Prof. Thomas H. Huxley" (1865); "Artistic Anatomy of Cattle and Sheep " (3d ed., 1873) : and "Artistic Anatomy of the Horse " (5th ed., 1874).
HAWKINS, Dexter Arnold, lawyer, b. in Camden, Me., 23 June, 1825 ; d. in New York city, 24 July, 1886. He was graduated at Bowdoin in
