thief-taker, and was known throughout the Union for his many captures of criminals. His name was a terror to evil-doers, and it was a common custom of the day to threaten unruly boys with his atten- tions. On " Evacuation day " and " Fourth of July" parades, "old Hays," as he was called, headed the city officials, shouldering a drawn sword, his hat decked with a flaming cockade, and his person decorated with the glittering insignia of his office. Hays was a small, thin, comic-look- ing old gentleman, with a well-marked Jewish vis- age, set off by an amusing strut. — His grandson, William Jacob, painter, b. in New York citv, 8 Aug., 1830; d. there, 13 March, 1875, was self- taught in the art of painting, and began on fruit and flower pieces. Later he visited the western territories, where he painted landscapes and animal life. In 1850 he exhibited his first picture, " Dogs in a Field," at the New York academy of design, and in 1852 his " Head of a Bull-Dog." On the merits of the latter he was elected an associate of the academy. His largest painting is "The Wounded Buffalo." Among the best of his works are "The Stampede," "A Herd on the Move," " Setter and Game," and " Noah's Head." Some of his pictures have been engraved.
HAYS, Will Shakespeare, balladist, b. in
Louisville, Ky., 19 July, 1837. He was educated
at Hanover college, Ind., and Georgetown, Ky.
He early gave evidence of the exuberance of
fancy and the genius for melody that have made
him one of the most successful ballad-authors in
the United States. From his boyhood, without
the aid of a master, he has been able to perform
on any musical instrument. While yet at school
in 1856 he wrote his first published ballad, " Little
Ones at Home," and from that time his composi-
tions have appeared constantly. " Evangeline "
was the first ballad that he set to music, and is
probably as popular as any that he ever produced,
the sales having reached about half a million. He
was at one time amanuensis for George D. Pren-
tice, when the latter was editor of the Louisville
"Journal," and has done editorial service for
that paper and the Louisville " Democrat " and
"Courier-Journal" until a late date. It is esti-
mated that the sales of his songs in this coun-
try and England have reached over six million
copies. They are characterized by the pathos
and sentiment of natural simplicity. His bal-
lads include " Mollie Darling," " Nora O'Neal."
I Driven from Home," " Write Me a Letter," " Lit-
tle Old Cabin in the Lane." " Susan Jane," " We
Parted by the Riverside," " My Southern Sunny
Home," "Nobody's Darling," "You've Been a
Friend to Me," " Shamus O'Brien," " The Wander-
ing Refugee," " Do not turn Me from Your Door,"
"Good-by, Old Home," "Moon is out To-night,
Love," and " Save One Bright Crown for Me."
HAYS, William, soldier, b. in Richmond, Va.,
in 1819 ; d. in Fort Independence, Boston harbor, 7
Feb., 1875. He was graduated at the U. S. mili-
tary academy in 1840, and promoted 1st lieutenant
in 1847, captain in 1853, and major in 1863. He
served throughout the Mexican war with the light-
artillery. He was wounded at Molino del Rey, and
bre vetted captain and major. From 1853 till 1854
he was engaged in the Seminole Indian wars, and
was on frontier duty in 1856-'60. He commanded
a brigade of horse-artillery in 1861-2 in the Army
of the Potomac, participating in the battles of An-
tietam and Fredericksburg, and was appointed
brigadier-general of volunteers in November, 1862.
He was wounded and taken prisoner at Chancel-
lorsville, 6 May, 1863, rejoined the army at Gettys-
burg, and in November was appointed provost-
marshal of the southern district of New York. At
the expiration of his term in February, 1865, he
rejoined his regiment at Petersburg, and served
with the 2d corps, and in command of the reserve
artillery until the close of the war, when he was
brevetted brigadier-general in the regular army for
gallant conduct. He was mustered out of volun-
teer service in 1866 with the rank of major, and
served on various posts, commanding Fort Inde-
pendence from 29 April, 1873, till his death.
HAYTHORNE, Robert Poore, Canadian
statesman, b. in Bristol, England, in 1815. He
was educated in his native town, and in 1842 came
to Prince Edward Island, where, in 1867, he was
elected a member of the provincial legislative coun-
cil. Soon afterward he was appointed a member
of the Cole administration, and after Mr. Cole's
retirement he continued to sit in the administra-
tion of Joseph Hensley. When the latter was ap-
pointed a judge, Mr. Haythorne succeeded him as
president of the council and leader of the govern-
ment, retaining those portfolios till his resignation
in 1870. On 2 April, 1872, he was assigned the
duty of forming a new government, which he suc-
cessfully accomplished, and in February, 1873, he
and his colleague in office, Mr. Laird, formed a
delegation to Ottawa on the subject of the union
of Prince Edward Island with the Dominion. As
the result of this mission his government appealed
to the voters of the province, but, not being sus-
tained, he resigned, 18 April, 1873. He sat in the
legislative council of Prince Edward Island from
1867 till 1874, and was made a Dominion senator
on the admission of that province into the Con-
federation, 18 Oct., 1873.
HAYWARD, James, civil engineer, b. in
Concord, Mass., 12 June, 1786; d. in Boston, Mass., 27
July, 1866. He was graduated at Harvard in
1819, and was a tutor in mathematics there for six
years. In 1826 he became a professor of
mathematics and natural philosophy at Harvard, but in
1829 he severed his relations with the college to
enter on the practice of civil engineering. The
original survey of the Boston and Providence railroad
was made by him. Later he was professionally
retained by the Boston and Maine railroad,
projecting and having entire charge of the
construction of this road, including the building of
the bridge at Haverhill, and ultimately being
made president of the corporation. Prof. Hayward
was recognized as a high authority in his profession,
and was a frequent co-laborer with Loammi
Baldwin, with whom and Lemuel Shaw he was
selected, as a commission of three, to determine the
water-power question that was at issue between
the Boston and Roxbury water-power company
and the Boston iron company. He published
“Elements of Geometry, upon the Inductive Method”
(Cambridge, 1829).
HAYWARD, John, author, b. in Boston in
January, 1781 ; d. there, 13 Oct., 1862. He is the
author of "View of the United States" (New
York, 1833) ; " Religious Creeds of the United
States and of the British Provinces" (Boston,
1837) ; " New England Gazetteer " (1839) ; " Book
of Religions" (1842); "Gazetteer of the United
States " (Portland, 1843 ; Philadelphia, 1854, new
ed.) ; and " Gazetteer of Massachusetts, New Hamp-
shire, and Vermont " (Boston, 1849).
HAYWARD, Lemuel, physician, b. in Braintree, Mass., 22 March, 1749 ; d. in Jamaica Plain, 20 March, 1821. He was graduated at Harvard in 1768, and, after studying medicine in Boston in 1769 under Dr. Joseph Warren, established himself
