co, 1866) contains the description of 175 rare books and is accompanied by important notes. He has recently published " Historia eclesiastica indiana, obra escrita a fines del Siglo xvi. por Fr. Geronimo Mendieta de la orden de San Francisco " (Mexico, 1870). This manuscript, supposed to be lost, Icazbalceta brought from Spain.
IDDINGS, Joseph Paxton, geologist, b. in Baltimore, Md., 21 Jan., 1857. He was graduated at the Sheffield scientific school of Yale in 1877, and subsequently studied analytical chemistry there, while serving as assistant in mechanical drawing and surveying. Subsequently he studied geology under Prof. John S. Newberry, at Columbia, and spent the winter of 1879-80 in Heidelberg, working in microscopic petrography. In July, 1880, he was appointed assistant geologist on the U. S. geological survey, under Arnold Hague. His scientific papers, published in the " American Journal of Science " and the " Bulletin H of the United States geological survey, include " Notes on the Volcanoes of Northern California, Oregon, and Washington Territory " with Arnold Hague (1883) ; "The Columnar Structure in the Igneous Rock on Orange Mountain, New Jersey " (1886) ; and " The Nature and Origin of Lithophysae and the Lamination of Acid Lavas " (1887).
IDE, George Barton, clergyman, b. in Coventry, Vt., in 1804 : d. in Springfield, Mass., 16 April, 1872. He was the son of a Baptist minister, but
held skeptical opinions in his youth, until during a revival in Coventry he received religious impressions. He thereupon abandoned the study of law,
which he had pursued at Brandon, and entered Middlebury college to prepare himself for the ministry. He was ordained soon after his graduation in 1830, and was pastor in several places, becoming known throughout northern Vermont as an eloquent revivalist. In 1834 he removed to Albany, N. Y., and in 1835 to Boston, Mass., and after a three years' pastorate took charge of the 1st Baptist church in Philadelphia, Pa., where he remained fourteen years. The last twenty years of his life were spent as pastor in Springfield. He published "Green Hollow" (Philadelphia, 1852); "Battle Echoes, or Lessons from the War," a series of sermons preached during the civil war (Boston,
1866) ; " Bible Pictures," describing the lives and
deeds of Christ and his apostles (1867) ; and vari-
ous polemical works and Sunday-school books.
IDIAQUEZ, Lope de (e-de'-ah-keth), Spanish
soldier, b. in the latter part of the 15th century; d. in Chili about 1550. He participated in the conquest of Cuba under Diego Velasquez, and in 1519 went to Mexico, where he served under Pedro de Alvarado till the subjugation of the Mexicans. Afterward he accompanied Alvarado to Guatemala, subsequently was with Pizarro in his enterprise, and made an unsuccessful attempt to reconcile him with Almagro. He prepared the conferences of Mara and was present at the battle of Las Salinas, 6 April, 1538, where Almagro was defeated. It is believed that in 1541 he went to Spain. In 1542 he was commissioned by Diego de Almagro, the son, to make an agreement with the governor, Vaca de Castro, on the eve of the battle of Chupas, and, though he was not well received by De Castro, on his return to Almagro he was regarded as a traitor. Offended by this treatment, he joined the forces of De Castro, but after Almagro's defeat exerted his influence in the latter's favor. Then Idiaquez retired to Lima, but in 1549 went with Valdivia in his second expedition to Chili and in the campaigning of the south. He is supposed to have perished in the campaign against the Araucanians about 1550.
IETERSDORF-KLASTEN, Gustav von (e-ters-dorf), German explorer, b. in Neu Breisach in 1609; d. in Cologne in 1669. He was descended
from an ancient family of the Palatinate and served in the Bavarian army till 1634, when he became a Dominican monk, and was attached in the
following year to the South American missions.
He resided for twenty years in Hispaniola, Cuba,
and other West Indian islands, was elected
provincial of his order for the West Indian missions
in 1649, and founded several colleges in Hispaniola.
He went also to Guatemala as provincial in
1653, but was compelled three years later to return
to Europe in broken health. After a few months
he prepared to sail for America again, but his family
opposed his departure, and he settled in Cologne,
where he became a canon in the cathedral and
devoted the remainder of his life to arranging his notes
on America. He published “Lexicon Linguæ
Caraïbæ” (Cologne, 1659); “Grammatica Linguæ
Caraïbæ” (1661); “Gebräuche, Sitten und Producte
von Cuba, Hispaniola und einiger anderer
Westindischer Inseln,” the original edition of which is
very rare, one copy having brought at Didot's sale
in Paris in 1853, $6,720 (1665); and “Relatio
Gestorum a primis ordinis Prædicatorum missionariis
in insulis Americanis, præsertim apud Indigenes
quos Caraïbes vulgo dicunt, ab anno 1635, ad
annum 1653” (3 vols., 1768). The dictionary and
the grammar of the idiom of the Caribs are yet
considered as the most complete documents on the
language of those people.
IFF, Simon van, Dutch physician, b. in Ypres
in 1605; d. in Amsterdam in 1651. He practised
medicine in Tobago and Surinam, and was
appointed in 1637 physician to Count Maurice of
Nassau, governor-general of the Dutch possessions
in South America. Owing to the protection of
that prince, he explored, in company with George
Marggraff, the countries that are now known as
Guiana and Brazil, advancing as far south as
Pernambuco, and thence returned to Surinam. He
discovered the properties of the ipecacuanha-bark,
and imported some seeds of the tree into Europe.
The name of Iff has been given to a plant of the
family of Rhinantoceæ that grows in Brazil. He
published “De Medicina Brasiliensis,” which was
a standard book on the continent for about a
century (Leyden, 1648); “Les longs tracas et
tournoiements d'un voyageur en Guyane et au Brésil,
avec les mœurs des habitants, leurs usages, les
productions du pays, suivi d'un traité sur les plantes
médicinales propres à ces regions” (Amsterdam,
1650); “Verhandelinge over de Taback” (1649);
“De plantibus Brasiliensis”; and other books.
IGLESIAS, Angel (e-glayj-syas), Mexican physician, b. in the city of Mexico, 2 Oct., 1829 ; d. there, 10 May, 1870. He studied at the College of San Gregorio, afterward, while a student at the College of medicine during the American invasion in 1847, enlisted in a battalion of volunteers, but was soon ordered to duty as assistant of Dr. Pedro Van der Linden in the hospital of San Sebastian. He also studied French, English, and natural history in
the mining college, and in 1853 was graduated as doctor in medicine and surgery, afterward occupying for some time in the college the chair of physics and operative medicine. He went to Europe in 1854 to perfect his studies, and on his return to Mexico introduced the ophthalmoscope and published several articles about it in "La union medica." After a second visit to Europe he introduced "cow-pox" virus taken from the German government farm, and established near Mexico a farm for its propagation, thus superseding the use of old and
