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New York, and maintained himself by teaching in a young ladies' seminary and writing for the " New Yorker," a literary weekly edited by Horace Greeley. On the establishment of the " Tribune " in April, 1841, Mr. Raymond became assistant editor and was well known as a reporter. He made a specialty of lectures, sermons, and speeches, and, among other re- markable feats, reported Dr. Di- onysius Lardner's lectures so per- fectly that the lec- turer consented to their publication in two large vol- umes, by Greeley and McElrath, with his certifi- cate of their ac-

curacy. In 1843

he left the " Tribune " for the " Courier and En- quirer," and he remained connected with this jour- nal till 1851, when he resigned and went to Europe to benefit his health. While on the staff of the 'Courier and Enquirer " he formed a connection with the publishing -house of Harper Brothers, which lasted ten years. During this period a spirited discussion of Fourier's principles of so- cialism was carried on between Mr. Raymond and Mr. Greeley, and the articles of the former on this subject were afterward published in pamphlet- form. In 1849 he was elected to the state as- sembly by t"he Whigs. He was re-elected in 1850, and chosen speaker, and manifested special inter- est in the school system and canal policy of the state. The New York "Times " was established by him, and the first number was issued on 18 Sept., 1851. In 1852 he went to Baltimore to report the proceedings of the Whig national convention, but was given a seat as a delegate, and made an eloquent speech in exposition of northern sentiment. In 1854 he was elected lieutenant-governor of the state. He was active in organizing the Republican party, composed the " Address to the People " that was promulgated at the National convention at Pittsburg in February, 1856, and spoke frequently for Fremont in the following presidential cam- paign. In 1857 he refused to be a candidate for fovernor of New York, and in 1858 he favored tephen A. Douglas, but he finally resumed his relations with the Republican party. In 1860 he was in favor of the nomination of William H. Sew- ard for the presidency, and it was through his in- fluence that Mr. Seward was placed in the cabinet. He was a warm supporter and personal friend of Mr. Lincoln in all his active measures, though at times deploring what he considered a hesitating policy. After the disaster at Bull Run he proposed the establishment of a provisional government. In 18(il he was again elected to the state assembly, where he was chosen speaker, and in 1863 he was defeated by Gov. Edwin D. Morgan for the nomi- nation for U. S. senator. In 1864 he was elected to congress, and in a speech on 22 Dec., 1865, main- tained that the southern states had never been out of the Union. He sustained the reconstruction policy of President Johnson. On the expiration of his term he declined renomination, and he re- fused the mission to Austria in 1867. He assisted in the organization of the " National Union con- vention " which met at Philadelphia in August, , and was the author of the" Philadelphia Ad- dress " to the people of the United States. In the summer of 18U8 he visited Europe with his family, and after his return resumed the active labors of his profession, with which he was occupied till his death. As an orator Mr. Raymond possessed great power. As a journalist he did good service in ele- vating the tone of newspaper discussion, showing by Ins own example that it was possible to be ear- nest and brilliant without transgressing the laws of decorum. Rewrote Political Lessons of the Revo- lution " (New York, 1854); "Letters to Mr. Yan- cey" (1860); "History of the Administration of President Lincoln "(1864) ; and "Life and Ser- vices of Abraham Lincoln : with his State Papers, Speeches. Letters, etc." (1865). See Augustus Mav- erick's " H. J. Raymond and the New York Press for Thirty Years " (Hartford, 1870).

RAYMOND, James, lawyer, b. in Connecticut in 1796 ; d. in Westminster, Md., in January, 1858. He was graduated at Yale in 1818, removed to Maryland, studied law in Frederick city, and was admitted to the bar in 1835. After practising at Frederick, he removed to Westminster, Carroll co., where he resided till his death. In 1844 he was elected a member of the house of delegates, and in 1847 he was appointed state's attorney. He was a profound lawyer, and was exceptionably well read in the literature of his profession. He published " Digest of the Maryland Chancery Decision " (New York, 1839), and "Political," a book in opposition to " Knownothingism " as a phase of politics in the state of Maryland.

RAYMOND, John Howard, educator, b. in New York city, 7 March, 1814; d. in Poughkeepsie, N. Y., 14 Aug., 1878. He was for a time a student in Columbia, but was graduated at Union college in 1832. Immediately thereafter he entered upon the study of the law in New Haven. The constraint of religious convictions led him to abandon this pursuit, and in 1834 he entered the theological seminary at Hamilton, N. Y., with the intention of preparing for the Baptist ministry. His progress in the study of Hebrew was so marked that before his graduation he was appointed a tutor in that language. In 1839 he was raised to the chair of rhetoric and English literature in Madison university, which he filled for ten years with a constantly growing reputation as a teacher and orator. In 1850 he accepted the professorship of belles-lettres in the newly established Rochester university. In 1856 he was selected to organize the Collegiate and polytechnic institute in Brooklyn, and accomplished the task with great success. He was summoned in 1865 to perform a similar service in connection with the recently founded Vassar college at Poughkeepsie, N. Y., where he was made president and professor of mental and moral philosophy. His varied gifts and accomplishments here found scope for their highest exercise. Though an able and eloquent preacher, ministering regularly as chaplain of the college, he was never ordained. His published works were confined to pamphlets and sermons. He received the honorary degree of LL. D. See his “Life and Letters” (New York, 1880).—His brother, Robert Raikes, educator, b. in New York city in 1817; d. in Brooklyn, N. Y., 16 Nov., 1888. He was graduated at Union college in 1839. He edited the Syracuse “Free Democrat” in 1852, and the “Evening Chronicle” in 1853-'4, and was professor of elocution and English in Brooklyn polytechnic institute from 1857 till 1864. He published “Gems from Tupper” (Syracuse, 1854); “Little Don Quixote,” from the German (1855); “Patriotic Speaker” (New York,