Department of Mexico. After the fall of the dictator. Salas lived in retirement, till he took part in the deposition of Zuloaga in December, , and for a few hours was in charge of the executive before the arrival of Miramon, 21 Jan., . He served under the latter till his fall in December, 1860, when he was banished : but he re- turned in March, 1802, during the French inter- vention, and, when the capital was abandoned by the republican government in 1863, was im.-i.il by the populace with the provisional command. The junta de notables appointed Salas, on 25 June, 1863, a member of the regency, in which capacity he acted till the arrival of Maximilian. But he received littli' acknowledgment by the imperial government, and retired from public life.
SALAVERRY, Felipe Santiago de (sah-lah-
ver'-ree). Peruvian soldier, b. in Lima in 1806: d.
in Arequipa, 19 Feb., 1836. He studied in the
College of San Carlos, at Lima, but when, in 1820,
San Martin arrived in Peru, he left, notwithstand-
ing the opposition of his father, and. baffling the
vigilance of the Spanish forces, arrived in Huaura,
i i -. nting himself to the general as a volunteer.
San Martin, pleased with hi- courage, enlisted him
as a cadet of the battalion <>( Xumancia. in which
he took part in the campaign against the Spaniards.
After the establishment of the republic he IMS.- in
the army, until, at the age of twenty-eight, he had
obtained the rank of general. When the garrison
of Callao revolted in January. ls:!.">, against Orbe-
gozo. and pronounced in favor of La Fuente,
Salaverry defeated the insurgents, and was ap-
pointed governor of the fortress. But on 23 Feb.
he himself rose in arms against the government,
and as Orbegozo abandoned Lima. Salaverry occu-
pied the capital and proclaiinrd himself supreme
chief of the republic. In a few months he had
possession of the south, and Orbegozo was reduced
with a small force to the northern provinces, when
he sought the intervention of Santa Cruz (<?.'.),
with whom he concluded a treaty. The Bolivian
army invaded Peru, Salaverry retired to Arequipa,
and on 7 Feb.. 1836, was totally routed at Soea-
baya. After wanderini: forseveral days. Salaverry
surrendered to Gen. Miller, who delivered him to
Santa Cruz, and he was shot. A Chilian author,
Manuel Bilbao, has published his life (Lima, 1853).
SALAZAR, Diego de (sah-lah-thar'), Spanish soldier, b. in the latter half of the loth century ; d. in Florida in 1521. He went to Santo Domingo with one of the expeditions of Columbus, and served there until 1509, when, entering the service of Juan Ponce de Leon, he accompanied the latter in the conquest of the island of Porto Rico, and assisted in the foundation of the city of Caparra.
In 1511, when the natives, aided by the Caribes, rev. ilted, Salazar, seeing that one of his companii ms who had been taken prisoner was to be executed, entered the hostile camp, where about 300 Indians, under the cacique Aimanon, were preparing for
the execution, charged upon the enemy and liberated his countryman. This action inspired the Indians with terror, and the Spaniards, taking advantage of it, thenceforth carried him, even when sick, to the battle-field. In recompense Salazar was appointed captain, and on the night of 25 July of the same year, when the Indians surprised and" set fire to the town of Guanica, he saved (lie
rest of the Spaniards in that island and defeated the cacique Mabodamaea near Aymai <>. and Ajpiey- naba near Anasco. In 1512 he accompanied Ponci de Leon in his exploration of Florida, and during
the second voyage to that country he met his death in an encounter with the natives'.
SALAZAR, Jose Maria, Colombian poet, b.
in Antioqnia in 1785; d. in Paris, France, in Feb-
ruary, 1828. He was graduated as LL. D. in the
College of San Bartolome, soon afterward composed
two theatrical pieces, whieh were performed at the
theatre of Bogota, and also published several arti-
cles in the " Semanario." When the revolution
of 1810 began he occupied the place of vice-rector
of the College of Mompos, which he abandoned
and entered public life. The civil war that fol-
lowed the revolution obliged him to move to Cara-
cas, where he was well received by Gen. Miranda,
who appointed him minister to the government of
Cartagena. In that city he conducted the paper
El Mensajero," and on the arrival of Morillo he
emigrated to Trinidad, where he practised as a
lawyer. In 1820 he was appointed minister of the
supreme tribunal of Venezuela, and in 1827 he
was sent as minister plenipotentiary to the United
States. During his stay in New York he published
a political pamphlet in English and Spanish about
the reforms that ought to be introduced in the
constitution of Colombia. He also wrote a poem,
" Colombiada, which many vears afterward was
printed in Caracas by his widow. On account of
the civil disturbances of his country, he went to
Paris to educate his children, but after his death
his family returned to Caracas. He wrote "El
Soliloquio de Eneas " and " El Sacrificio de Ido-
meneo," two dramas (Bogota, 1802); "Placer pub-
lico de Bogota " (1803) ; " Meraoria biografica de
Cundinamarca " (Trinidad. 1817); and "La campana
de Bogota," a heroic poem (1818).
SALAZAR DE ESPINOSA, Juan de, Span-
ish soldier, b. in Villa Pomar about the end of the
15th century; d. in Asuncion about 1566. He
sailed with the expedition of Pedro de Mendoza
(q. i'.), anil assisted in the foundation of Buenos
Ayres. In 1537 Salazar, with the acting governor,
(ialan. and the garrison, removed to Asuncion, and
in 1538 was elected the first mayor of that city. In
March, 1542, Salazar fought against the Guaycurus
and Agaces Indians, commanding the infantry, and
in 1543 he was appointed acting governor at Asun-
cion. On 25 April, 1544, when Cabeza de Vaca
was taken prisoner by Irala, the former proclaimed
Salazar as his successor. In order to avoid new
complications, the latter was sent to Spain, but he
was absolved by the royal council of the Indies.
In 1549 the emperor appointed him treasurer of
the provinces of La Plata, and. when the new gov-
ernor died, his son appointed Salazar his substi-
tute. The expedition sailed from San Lucar at the
beginning of 1550, but Hernando de Trejo de-
prived Salazar of the command on the voyage, and
landed him at San Vicente, in Brazil, where he
stayed almost two years, but in October, 1555,
he arrived at Asuncion and took possession of
his office as treasurer. Salazar was a candidate
for governor in 1558, but was defeated.
SALCEHO, Francisco (sal-thay'-do), Mexican monk, b. in Chiapa about 1550. He entered the Franciscan order, taught theology in the city of Mexico, and <>n account of his profound knowledge of the aboriginal languages, including Aztec, Quiche, Cakchiquel, and Tzutuhil, was ml led by Bishop (ionic/. Fernandez de Cordova to the University of Guatemala, where lie taught these tongues for many years to the clergy and missionaries. He wrote ' A lie y Dice ario de la Leiu;ua Mexicana." " Sermones Trilingiies en Quiche. Cakchiquel y Tzutuhil" (2 vols.). ami "Documentos ('ri-iianos en tres Lenguas." which are still presered in manuscript, unpublished, in the Franciscan convent of Guatemala,
