siege of Savannah. lie participated in the battle of Stono Ferry, ami a- aide to Gen. Horatio Gates wa- wounded and taken prisoner at Camden. He saw no further service in the Revolution, and re- turned to his profession. lie declined the appoint- in. Mil of U. S. district judge in 1789, became gover- nor in that year, was a member of the legislature in 1791, and' drew up the act to establish the South Carolina court of equity. He was appointed by- Washington U.S. minister to Great Britain in 17ii2, and on the expiration of his term in 1794 was sent on a mission to Spain, where he arranged the treaty of St. Ildefonso thai secured to the United States the five navigation of Mississippi river. He returned to Charleston in 1796, was the Federalist candidate in that year for the vice-presidency, and served in congress in 1799-1801. At the beginning of the war of 1812 he was appointed by President Madison major-general, with the charge of the 6th military district, and participated in the battle of Horseshoe Bend, in which the Creek Indians were finally de- feated. He then retired to private life, and did much to encourage the development of the agricul- tural and mineral resources of the state. He suc- ceeded his brother as 4th president-general of the Cincinnati. Charles, statesman, b. in Charleston, 9 March, 1758 ; d. there, 29 Oct.. 1824. was the grandson of William. Charles Cotesworth's uncle. His father, Charles, was president of the South Carolina convention in 1775, of the senate in 177!l. and of the council in 1782. The son was educated for the bar, and before he was of age was chosen to the provincial legislature. He was taken pris- oner at the capture of Charleston, and remained such until the close of the war, when he resumed his profession. He was elected to the Provincial congress in 1785, and subsequently took an active part in preparing a plan of government for the United States. In 1787 he was a delegate to the convention that framed the constitution of the United States, and offered a draft of a con- stitution, which was referred to the committee of detail, submitted, and some of its provisions were finally adopted. In 1788 he advocated the ratifica- tion of the constitution in the South Carolina convention. He was elected governor the next year, presided over the state convention by which the constitution of South Carolina was adopted in 1790, was re-elected governor in 1791. and again in 179(i. and in 1798 was chosen to the U. S. senate as a Republican. He was a frequent and able speaker in that body, and one of the most active promoters of Thomas" Jefferson's election to the presidency. In 1802-'3 he was U. S. minister to Spain, and during his residence in that country he negotiated a release from the Spanish government of all right or title to the territory that was purchased by the United States from France. He became governor for the fourth time in 1806, and in 1812 strongly advocated the war with England. He was a mem- ber of congress in 1819-'21. and opposed the Mi souri compromise bill, earnestly warning the south of the effects of the measure. This was his last public service. Mr. Pinckney a- 1 he t'ounderof the old Republican party of South Carolina. He pos- sessed liberal views on all subjects, advocated ihe abolition of the primogeniture laws, was the prin- cipal agent in the removal of the civil and political disabilities that had been imposed on Jews in South Carolina, and was the first governor of the state that advocated the establishment of free schools. He was an able political writer, and issued a series of addresses to the people under the signature of " Republican " (Charleston, 1800) that were in- strumental in the election of Jefferson. He also published in the same year several papers in de- nunciation of the alien and sedition laws that were enacted during the administration of the elder A. lam-. Princeton gave him the degree of LL. D. in 1?S7. Charles's son, Henry Lanrens, con- gressman, b. in Charleston, S. ('.. -4 Sept., 1794 ; d. i here. :; Feb., 1863, was graduated at the College of South Carolina in 1812, studied law in the office of his brother-in-law, Robert Y. Ilayne, and was admitted to the bar, but never practised. He served in the legi-laturcin 1810-'32, and was chair- man of its committee of ways and means for eight years. He was three times intendant. and three times mayor of Charleston, and in 1833-'7 was a member of congress, having been elected as a Democrat. During the administration of Presi- dent Van Buren he was collector of the port of Charleston. In 1845-'63 he was tax-collector of the parishes of St. Philip and St. Michael. Mr. Pinck- ney was a constant and laborious writer and work- er during his public life. He founded the Charles- ton -Mercury." the organ of the State-rights party, in 1S19. was its sole editor for fifteen years, and published many orations and addresses. He also wrote memoirs of Jonathan Maxcy, Robert V. Hayne, and Andrew Jackson. Thomas's grandson, Charles Cotesworth, clergyman, b. in Charles- ton, 31 July, 1812 : d. in Flat Rock. N. C., 13 Aug., 1898. He was graduated at the College of Charles- ton, studied at Alexandria seminary, and was or- dained in the Protestant Episcopal church. For nearly half a century he was rector of Grace church, Charleston, was for many years chairman of the standing committee of the diocese, delegate to the General convention, and president of the alumni association of his alma mater, from which he re- ceived the degree of l. D. in 1870.
PINDAR, John Hothersall, English colonial
educator, b. in 1794: d. in West Malvern. Eng-
land. 16 April, 1868. He was graduated at Cam-
bridge in 1816, and was president of Codrington
college, Barbadoes, W. I., from 1 *:',(> till 1835.
Subsequently he was a canon of Wells cathedral,
and principal of Wells theological college, which
latter office he resigned in 1865. He published
' The Candidate for the Ministry Lectures on the
First Epistle to Timothy " (London, 1837) ; " Ser-
ni'ins on the Book of Common Prayer" (1837);
" Sermons on the Holy Days of the Church "
(1850) ; and " Meditations for Priests on the Ordi-
nal i..n Service " (1853).
PINDAR. Susan, author, b. near Tarrytown,
X. Y., in 1820: d. there. 16 Aug., 1892. Her father,
a Russian by birth, and for a time Russian consul
to Florida, died in New Orleans. His estate, Pin-
dar's Vale, adjoined Wolfert's Roost. She con-
tributed numerous poems to the "Knickerbocker
Maira/ine." and as the author of " Fireside Fair-
ies, or Christmas at Aunt Elsie's " (New York, 1849)
and "Midsummer Fays, or the Holidays at Woud-
leigh " (1850). which were republished together as
-Su<an Pindar's Story-Book" (1S5.H), and "Le-
gends of the Flowers" (1851).
PINE, Robert Edge, artist, b. in London. England, in 1730, or, according to some authorities, in 1742; d. in Philadelphia. Pa., 18 Nov.. 1788. The earlier date of birth seems the more probable from the fact that in 1760 he gained the first prize of 100 from the Society for the encouragement of the arts for the best historical picture that was offered, " The Surrender of Calais," with figures as large as life. He was the son of John Pine, the skilful artist who published (1733-'7) the beautiful edition of Horace with the text engraved throughout by himself, and embellished with vig-
