Indianapolis, and moved to St. Augustine. Fla.. early in 1861. He erected a battery at Fernandimi under orders of the governor of Florida, was ap- pointed lieutenant in the Confederate army, became major of artillery in October. 1861, and was as- signed to duty with Gen. Hardee in the trans- Mississippi department. He was afterward with Gen. Albert Sidney Johnston at Shiloh as senior artillery officer of his army, and massed the arlil- lery against Gen. Prentiss's position. He was in- spector of artillery under Gen. Beauregard after the latter's succession to the command, subsequently served under Hindman as chief of artillery, com- manded a division, as major, at the battle of Prairie Grove, and was appointed brigadier - gen- eral, 12 Sept., 1862, and ordered on duty at Mobile. Ala. Afterward he commanded a Louisiana bri- gade at Vicksburg. and received the first attack of the National forces. He surrendered at that place, and after his exchange was chief of artillery to Gen. Joseph E. Johnston, and constructed the de- fensive works on Chattahoochee river. On the succession of Gen. John B. Hood to the command of the army in July, 1864, Gen. Shoup was made chief of staff. He was relieved at his own request, and pivpaivd a pamphlet, which was submitted to the Confederate congress, recommending the en- listment of negro troops. After the close of the war in 1866 he was elected to the chair of applied mathematics in the University of Mississippi. He then studied for the ministry, took orders in the Protestant Episcopal church, and had been rector of churches in Nashville. Tenn., Jackson, Miss., and New Orleans. He was professor of meta- physics in the University of the south, and (he author of " Infantry Tactics " (Little Rock, 1862) ; " Artillery Division Drill " (Atlanta. 1864) ; " Ele- ments of "Algebra " (New York, 1874) ; and " Me- chanism and Personality " (Boston, 1889).
SHREVE, Henry Miller, inventor, b. in Bur-
lington county, N. J., 21 Oct., 1785 ; d. in St. Louis,
Mo.. 6 March, 1854. He was educated in western
Pennsylvania, and as a boy became interested in
the navigation of western rivers. In 1810 he
carried the first cargo of lead that was taken by
an American from Galena river to New Orleans,
thus establishing a business that previously had
been exclusively in the hands of the British. Dur-
ing the war of " 1812 lie conveyed supplies to Fort
St. Philip past the, British batteries by protecting
his vessel with cotton-bales. At the battle of
New Orleans he had charge of one of the field-
pieces that proved so destructive to that column
of the British army that was led by Gen. Sir
John Keane. In May, 1815, he ascended the Missis-
sippi to Louisville in the " Enterprise," the first
steam vessel that ever performed that voyage, and
subsequently he built the " Washington " on a plan
of his own invention, with improvements that
made it superior to Robert Fulton's boat. By
using a cam cut-off that he devised, he was able to
save three fifths of the fuel. In March, 1817, his
vessel made its first trip laden with passengers and
freight, and demonstrated its superiority. When
its success was thoroughly shown, Fulton and his
associates, having the exclusive right "- to navigate
all vessels propelled by fire and steam in the rivers
of said territory," entered suit against him and
seized his boats ; but the case was decided in his
favor. In 1826 he was appointed superintendent
of western river improvements, which place he
held until 1841. During that time he had charge
of the removal of the great Red river raft, " con-
sisting of an accumulation of trees, logs, and drift-
wood of every description firmly imbedded in its
channel for more than 160 miles." and in conse-
quence the river was opened fora distance of 1.200
miles. He built the snag-boat " Heliopolis " in
1829 for removing snags and " sawyers " from Ohio
river, and during the same year invented a steam
marine battering-ram for harbor defence.
SHREVE, Thomas H., journalist, b. in Alex-
andria, Va., in 1808; d. in Louisville, Ky., 23
Dec., 1853. He was educated in the academy at
Alexandria, engaged in mercantile pursuits, settled
in Cincinnati in 1830. and in 1834 purchased a
share in the " Mirror," a weekly literary journal.
In 1838 he established himself as a merchant in
Louisville, and subsequently he became one of the
editors of the Louisville "Journal." From the
time of his editorial connection with the Cincin-
nati Mirror" he contributed essays and poems to
magazines. He published " Drayton. an American
Tale "(New York, 1851). Some of his verses are
reprinted in William T. Coggeshall's " Poets and
Poetry of the West " (Columbus, I860). His cousin.
Samuel Henry, engineer, b. in Trenton. N. J.,
2 Aug., 1829; d. in New York city, 27 Nov.,
1884. He was graduated at Princeton in 1S4H,
and at Harvard law-school in 1850, and after-
ward studied civil engineering. He had charge of
the construction of several railroads, and became
in 1875 engineer of the New York rapid transit com-
mission. He was consulting engineer of the Metro-
politan elevated railroad and engineer-in-chief of the
Brooklyn elevated railroad. He was the author of
a work on " The Strength of Bridges and Roofs "
(New York, 1873), which was translated into
French, and at the time of his death had almost
completed a treatise on the " Theory of the Arch."
SHUBRICK, John Templar, naval officer, b.
on Bull's island, S. C., 12 Sept., 1788; d. at sea in
the summer of 1815. His father was colonel in
the Revolutionary army under Gen. Nathanael
Greene, and his aide at the battle of Eutaw Springs.
The son entered the navy as midshipman, 19 Aug.,
1806, was attached to the “Chesapeake” during
the surrender to the British ship “Leopard,” and
remained in that vessel under Decatur until 1808.
He was commissioned lieutenant, 28 May, 1812,
attached to the “Constitution” during her escape
from the British fleet in July, 1812, and participated
in the capture of the “Guerrière” and “Java.” On
6 Jan., 1813, he was transferred to the “Hornet,”
and was executive officer at the capture of the
British brig “Peacock,” 24 Feb., 1813. He was
next transferred to the “President,” of which he
acted as executive at its capture by a British fleet,
15 Jan., 1815. He was carried a prisoner to
Bermuda, but released at the end of the war. He
received three silver medals and votes of thanks
from congress for assisting in the capture of the
“Guerrière,” “Java,” and “Peacock.” South
Carolina gave him a vote of thanks and a sword.
On 20 May, 1815, he sailed as executive of the
“Guerrière” to Algiers, where he assisted at the
capture of an Algerine frigate and brig, and in
the demonstration by which Decatur obtained the
treaty with Algiers. He was assigned to command
the brig “Épervier,” and sailed from Algiers early
in July, 1815, with a copy of the treaty for
ratification. The brig was lost at sea with all on board.
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His brother, William Branford, naval officer, b. on Bull's island, S. C., 31 Oct., 1790: d. in Washington, D. C., 27 May, 1874, entered the navy as midshipman, 19 Aug., 1806, was commissioned lieutenant, 5 Jan., 1813, commanded a gun-boat in Hampton Roads in 1813, and assisted in defending Norfolk against the British. He was 3d lieutenant of the “Constitution” at the capture of the “Cy-
