lAAHCHURIA 585 BfA«OHUBU
the city nine large Catholic churches with flourishing official organ of the diocese, of which he was editor
parish schools. There are also two small churches, a till his elevation to the episcopate (6 July, 1904). His
succursal chapel of the cathedral, and a Ruthenian consecration tookplace .8 Sept., 1904. Catholic church. George Albert Guertin, tiurd Bishop of Manchester
The Diocese of Manchester was established 4 May, and present (1910) incumbent of the see, b. 17 Feb., 1884, by a division of the Diocese of Portland which 1869, in Nashua, New Hampshire, was educated ia the
had included both Maine and New Hampshire. It parochial schools of his native city, after which be
comprises the entire State of New Hampshire, an area went to St. Charles College, Sherbrooke, Province of
of 9305 sq. miles. The total population of the diocese Quebec, and St. HyacintheOolkge, Province of Quebec,
is 412,000, of which 126,034 are Catholics. to pursue his classical studies. He then entered St.
Much of the earl v history of Manchester is bound up Jomi's Seminary, Brighton, Massachusetts, and was
in the records of the Diocese of Portland, of which it the first graduate of that institution who became a
formed a part for twenty-nine years. Mass was first bishop. He was ordained on 17 Dec., 1892. Having
celebrated in New Hampshire as early as 1694, but the displayed seal and abilitv in parochial work, he was
real history of Catholicity can hardly be said to begin appointed third Bishop of Manchester, 2 Jan., 1907, and
until a century and a quarter later. So few were consecrated 19 March, 1907. Under his guidance the
Catholics at first, that up to 1822 there were not diocese continues to stow steadily and healthily. It
enough families in the entire state to warrant the ap- has a well-eauipped educational S3rstem. There are 38
pointment of even one resident priest. The firat parochial scnools, with a corps of 309 teachers and an
priest to be permanently located in New Hampshire enrolment of 13,100 pupils. Hiere are: one boarding
was Rev. Virgil Barber, whom Bishop Cheverus in school conducted by the Sisters of Mercy, and three
1822 sent to C&remont, his native town, there to form academies presided over by the Sisters of Jesus and
the first Catholic parish in the state. Eight years Mary, Sisters <^ Providence, and Presentation Nuns
later a small church was built at Dover. Two mission- respectively. A boarding college for boys and yoisog
ary priests. Fathers Cana van and John B. Daly, cared men is imder the supervision of the Benedictine
for the spiritual interests of the Catholics scattered Fathers. There are also five hish schools for boys, throughout the state. In 1848 Manchester, with a There are 4 hospitals; 7 orpnan asylums, with 710
Catholic population of 300, was given its first resident orphans; 1 infant asylum: 1 night refuse for girls; 5
pastor, Rev. William McDonald, notable on account homes for working girls; 4 homes for aged women; and of his personal character and his establishment of 1 for old men. T^ Sisters of Mercy do most of this
religious, charitable, and educational institutions. eood work, and the Grey Nuns and Sisters of Provi-
Denis Mary Bradley, the first bishop, was bom in dence care for three hospitals and orphanages. Castle Island, County Kerry, Ireland, 23 Feb., 1846; There are 118 secular and 19 re^plar priests labour-
d. 13 Dec., 1903. At the aee of eight he came to ing in the diocese. The Benedictine Fathers, the
the United States, settling at Manchester. His early Cm*istian Brothers, the Brothers of the Sacred Heart,
education was obtained at the parochial schools of Man- the Marist B]:others, and the Xa verian Brothers have
Chester and at Holy Cross College, Worcester, Massa- communities, as have also the Sisters of Mercy, Sisters
chusetts. On the completion of his academic course of Jesus and Mary, Sisters of the Holy Cross, the Grey
he entered St. Joseph's Seminary, Troy, New York, Nuns, the Benedictine Nuns, Presentation Nuns, Sis-
where, on 3 June, 1871, he was ordained. He was ters of Providence, Sisters of the Precious Blood, and
assigned duties in Portland, Maine, and three years the Felician Sisters,
later Bishop Bacon appointed him chancellor of , Dweem Anhivev Hu^ of Caj^^
the diocese and rector of the cathedral, which offices t^^i^^^^'S^^^^L^fSi^.^'^S^^^^SSb'^ii
he filled until June, 1880, when he came to Manches- Dxreeuny (Milwaukee).
ter as pastor of St. Joseph's Church. This appoint- Thomas M. O'Leary.
ment proved to be the first step towards the formation
of the Diocese of Manchester, as four years later (4 Manchuria, a north-eastern division of the Chinese May, 1884), Father Bradlev was appointed Bishop of Empire and the cradle of the present imperial d^oiasty. the newlv-erected See of A&nchester, and selected his It hes to the north-east of the Eighteen Provmoes of parish church for the cathedral. His consecration China, and extends from 38® 40^ to 49° N. lat. and froip took place 11 June, 1884. Bishop Bradley was a man 120^ to 133** E. long. It is bounded on the north by of tireless activity and rare sanctity. For almost the Amur and Russian territory, on the east by toe twenty years he devoted his best efforts to the cause Usuri, on the south by Corea (Yalu River), the Gulf pf of religion in New Hampshire, and with wonderful sue- Liao-tun^, and the Yellow Sea, and on the west by the cess. At his consecration the diocese comprised a Nonni River and the line of palisades (Liuoh'tog)y Catholic population of 45,000. The number of priests running from the sea to the Great Wall of China. Ob enj^aged in parish work and missionary labours was 37, account of its situation, its southern portion is some- officiating in as many churches. There were 3 orders times called Shanrhairkwanrwai Man-chou Mn-shenq, of women with 89 members. At the bishop's death the that is, the three Manchou provinces beyond Shan-hai- Catholic population was 104,000, and the priests num- kwan. and also Kwan4ung, or the Country East of the bered 107. There were resident pastors in 65 parishes, Pass (Shan-hai-kwan) . The maricets opened to foreign 67 missions were regularly attended, and there were 8 trade are New-ohwang, Ngantun^ (Jaoanese Antoken) orders of women, and 4 of men, engaged in the Christian Dalny (Jap. Dairen) , and Harbm : Port Arthur (Liu education of children and in charitaDle work. Shun-k'ou), being the terminus of the Siberian rail- John Bernard Delany, second Bishop of Manches- wa^^ ^ & poi^ ^ great importance. Manchuria ia ter, b. 9 Aug., 1864, in Lowell, Massachusetts; d. 11 divided into three^ provinces, Tung-san-sbeng (the June, 1906; pursued his classical and philosophical three eastern provinces); F^ng-tien, also known as studies at Holy Cross College, Worcester, Massachu- Sheng-king (Holy Court) from its capital Mukden, witji setts, and Boston College, from which he was graduated 6/u and 2 fing (prefectures), 4,000,000 inhabitants; in June, 1887. He studied for the priesthood at St. lurin or Ki-lin, with six prefectures^ 6,500,000 inhab- Sulpice, Paris, where he was ordained 23 May. 1891. itants: and He-hmg-kian^ or Tsitsihar (Amur), with He served as curate at St. Anne's Chureh, Manchester, 5 prefectures, 2,000^000 inhabitants. The northern and the Immaculate Conception Church, Portsmouth, part of the country is watered by the Simgari and its and in 1898 came to the cathedral at Manchester as affluent the Nonni, belonging to the Amur region; the chancellor of the diocese and secretary to Bishop southern part is watered by the Liao-ho and its afflu- Bradley. While serving in this capacity he founded ent the Kara-muren, which empty themselves into the the *' Guidon", a Cathonc monthly magazine and the Gulf of Liao-tung. The country is generally moun-
