HEILBRONN 497 HELENA age of 5. At 9 years of age he gave a recital in St. Petersburg and was en- gaged for solo work with the Symphony Oi-chestra. He later appeared in the leading cities of Germany, Austria, and Russia. He made his first appearance in New York on October 27, 1917. He at once gained recognition as a master of the iolin. He made frequent tours throughout the United States in the years following. HEILBRONN, a town of Wiirttemberg, situated on the right bank of the Neckar. The streets of the old medieval town are narrow, and the houses have quaintly ornamented gable-ends and tapering pinnacles. The church of St. Kilian, partly Gothic and partly Renaissance; the old town hall ; the Diebsthurm ("Thief's Tower"), in which Gotz von Berlichingen was confined; and the house of the Teutonic Knights, now a barrack, are the principal buildings. The chief industries include the manufacture of silver plate, paper, sugar, salt, chicory, and chemicals, and there are iron and other metal foundries and machine shops. Fruit and wine are largely grown. Com- mei'cially the importance of Heilbronn depends on its trade in groceries, com, and wood, and on its fairs for cattle, leather, wool, and fruit. In the vicinity gypsum and sandstone are quarried. Heilbronn is first mentioned in 741 ; in 1360 it became an imperial town; it suf- fered during the Peasants' War and the Thirty Years' War, and in 1802 it fell into the hands of Wiirttemberg. Pop. about 43,000. HEINE (hi'ne), HEINRICH, a Ger- man poet and author; born of Jewish parents in Diisseldorf, Dec. 13, 1799. He studied law at Bonn, Berlin, and Got- tingen; took his degree at the last men- tioned place, and in 1825 embraced Christianity. He afterward lived at Hamburg, Berlin, and Munich, but in 1830 he settled in Paris, supported him- self by his literary labors, and dwelt there till his death. From 1837 to the overthrow of Louis Philippe in 1848 he enjoyed a pension of $960 from the French Government. Of the numerous literary works of Heine may be men- tioned in particular: "Poems"; "Pic- tures of Travel"; "Book of Songs"; "Germany, a Winter Tale"; "Shake- speare's Maidens and Wives"; "Last Poems and Thoughts"; etc. As a poet Heine is remarkable for the simplicity and pathos of many of his lyric pieces. His powers of wit and raillery were also great. During the latter years of his life ke suffered great agony from a spinal complaint, which confined him al- most constantly to bed. He died in Paris, Feb. 17, 1856. HEINZ. HENRY JOHN, an Ameri- can manufacturer and publicist, born in Pittsburgh, Pa., in 1844. He was edu- cated in the public schools and at Duff's Business College. He began the packing of foodstuffs on a small scale at Sharps- burg, in 1869. In 1872 he removed to Pittsburgh. His business developed rapidly, until it became one of the most important food-producing firms in the country, and had branches also in sev- eral countries of Europe. He was a director in many important financial in- stitutions and was chairman of the com- mittee to devise means to protect Pitts- burgh from floods. He was a director of the Pittsburgh Tuberculosis Sana- torium and was president of the State Sunday School Association. During the World War he did much important work in connection with the Food Administra- tion. He died in 1919. HELDER, THE, a seaport in the Dutch province of North Holland, 51 miles from Amsterdam. It is one of the strongest fortresses in Holland, having been first fortified by Napoleon in 1811, and has several naval establishments, in- cluding an arsenal and a college, and an excellent harbor. Pop, about 28,000. HELEN, in classic fable, the daughter of Jupiter and Leda, of Jupiter and Nemesis, or of the King Tyndareus and Leda, his wife, according to the various statements of the poets, was the most beautiful woman of her time, and mar- ried Menelaus, King of Sparta. Her guilty elopement with Paris, one of the sons of Priam, King of Troy, who had been sent to Laceda^mon as ambassador, led to the Trojan War, and the destruc- tion, after 10 years' siege, of Troy. On the death of Paris, she married his brother Deiphobus, and when the city was at last sacked, returned to Sparta with her husband Menelaus. Being banished from Sparta on the death of Menelaus, she retired to the island of Rhodes, where, having excited the envy of Polyxo, the queen of the isle, she was tied to a tree and strangled. HELENA, a city and county-seat of Phillips CO., Ark.;" on the Mississippi river, and on the Missouri and North Arkansas, the Iron Mountain and South- ern, and the Yazoo and Mississippi rail- roads, 90 miles S. W. of Memphis, Tenn. It has steamship communications with all important river ports, and is a ship- ping point for lumber, cotton, and cot- ton-seed oil. Its manufactures include
