BAN JUAN DE ULUA 238 SAN MARTIN old government house, a large cathedral, custom house, the military hospital, a seminary, arsenal and jail. Under Amer- ican supervision the city has been great- ly improved in every respect. The har- bor has been provided with facilities for docking large vessels, and the sanitary arrangements of the city have been mod- ernized. P^op. (1920) 70,707. SAN JTJXN DE ULUA, or SAN JUAN DE ULLOA, a fort built on a small island of the same name, in the harbor of Vera Cruz, Mexico. It was con- structed in the 17th century and was the strongest fortification owned by the country. It has been conspicuous in Mexican history. SAN JTJAN HILL, BATTLE OF. See Spanish-American War. SAN JUAN ISLANDS, a group of islands now part of the State of Wash- ington. They were occupied by both American and British garrisons in 1859, each nation claiming the right of exclu- sive possession. San Juan, Oreas, Lopez, and Shaw are the most valuable of the group. SAN JUAN RANGE, a range of moun- tains in southern Colorado; a branch of the Rocky mountains, and a picturesque setting for San Luis Park. The highest peaks reach an altitude of over 14,000 feet. SANKEY, IRA DAVID, an American evangelist; born in Edinburgh, Pa., Aug. 28, 1840; was associated with the evan- gelist, the late Dwight L. Moody (q. v.), for some years, attracting and holding the attention of great audiences by sing- ing hymns composed by himself. His religious music became so popular that he published several hymn books under different titles, which are all included in church and Sunday-school service. He died Aug. 13, 1908. SANKHYA, in Brahmanism, one of the six systems of Brahmanical phi- losophy. It was founded by Kapila. SAN LEANDRO, a city of California, in Alameda co. It is on the Southern Pacific and the Western Pacific railroads. Its industries include lumber mills and hay-press works. Pop. (1910) 3,471; (1920) 5,703. SAN LUIS DE POTOSI, a city of Mexico; capital of the State of the same name; 198 miles N. W. of Mexico, 6,350 feet above sea-level; regularly built, with fine streets. It has a handsome cathe- dral; manufactures of clothing, shoes, hats, etc.; railway work shops; and a considerable trade. Pop. about 68,000. The State has an area of 25,316 square miles, is generally fertile, and has rich gold and silver mines. Pop. about 630,000. SAN LUIS OBISPO, a city of Cali- fornia, the county-seat of San Luis Obispo co. It is on the Southern Pacific and the Pacific Coast railroads. Its pub- lic institutions include thei California Polytechnic School, a Carnegie library, an Elks home, and a Masonic Temple. The city contains the Mission of San Luis Obispo, founded in 1772. It has the city division headquarters and shops of both railroads which enter it. Pop. (1910) 5,157; (1920) 5,895. SAN LUIZ DE MARANHAM. See Maranham. SAN MARINO, the smallest republic in Europe, and one of its most ancient States; is inclosed by the provinces of Forli and Pesaro and Urbino, of the kingdom of Italy; situated 9 miles S. W. of Rimini. The legislature of the re- public is a senate of 60 members, elected one-third every three years from the no- bles, citizens, and peasants. Two presi- dents are chosen by the senate every six months, called captains regent. Two sec- retaries of state and two legal func- tionaries are the other government offi- cials. This little republic occupies a great, rocky, mountainous site, about 2,420 feet high, precipitous on all sides, with intervening dense forests and val- leys of fertile land. The town is built round a hermitage, founded in 441, and is accessible by but one road. It is sur- rounded by great walls and has three forts. The wealthier citizens reside in the suburb of Borgo. The manufacture of silk is the chief industry of the town. Many of the buildings are stately and remarkably massive in structure, includ- ing the governor's palace, and six churches, one of which contains the tomb and statue of St. Marino. There are several schools, museums, a theatre, a town hall, and two convents. Two im- mense cisterns provide the public with water. The inhabitants are principally engaged in agriculture. The military number 950 men. From the 10th to the 13th centuries the inhabitants succeeded in maintaining their independence, which was recognized by the Church in 1291, and confirmed by the Pope in 1631. The treaty with Italy of 1907 was revised in 1914. In 1915 the republic declared war on Austria. Area of the republic, 38 square miles; pop. (1919) 11,944. SAN MARTIN, JOSE DE, a Spanish- American general; born in Yapeyu, Mi- siones, Argentine Republic, Feb. 25, 1778. He was in the Spanish campaigns against France from 1793 till 1811, attaining the
