SCHILLER 278 SCHLEGEL become surgeon in a regiment, he, in his 22d year, wrote the tragedy of "The Rob- bers," which at once raised him to the foremost rank among the dramatists of his country. It was performed at Mann- heim in 1782. But some passages of a revolutionary tendency having incurred 1 the displeasure of the Duke of Wurttem- berg, Schiller left Stuttgart by stealth and made his way to Mannheim, where, after various wanderings and many hard- ships, he got his tragedy of "Fiesco" brought out on the stage. The tragedies of "Cabal and Love," and "Don Carlos," were his next productions. In 1785 he went to Leipsic and Dresden, where he found many admirers. Here he wrote his singular romance called "The Ghost- JOHANN CHRISTOPH F. VON SCHILLER seer" and his "Philosophical Letters," and collected materials for a "History of the Revolt of the Netherlands Under Philip II." In 1787 he repaired to Weimar, where he was welcomed with great warmth by Weiland and Herder, under- took the management of a periodical called the "German Mercury," and not long afterward made the acquaintance of Goethe, which soon ripened into a friendship only dissolved by death. In 1789 he was appointed to the chair of history in the University of Jena, and 'besides lecturing to crowded audiences he published his "History of the Thirty Years' War" and engaged in various liter- ary enterprises which had great influence on the literature of Germany. A periodi- cal called "The Hours" and the "Almanac of the Muses," to which the most eminent men in Germany contributed, belong to this period. He also produced "The Song of the Bell," "Cranes of Ibykus," and wrote his "Ballads," reckoned among the finest compositions of their kind in any language. About 1790 he exhibited a strong tendency to consumption, which, by precluding him from lecturing, greatly reduced his income. The Prince of Den- mark settled on him a pension of $1,000 for three years, and thus enabled him to pursue his studies. He soon after settled at Weimar, in order to direct the theater in conjunction with Goethe; and here at intervals he published the follow- ing works: "Wallenstein," "Mary Stuart," "Joan of Arc," and "William Tell." He died in Weimar, Germany, May 9, 1805. SCHINNER, AUGUSTIN FRANCIS, an American Roman Catholic bishop, born in Milwaukee, Wis., in 1863. He was educated at St. Francis Seminary, and was ordained priest in 1886. After serv- ing for one year as a pastor, he was a member of the faculty of St. Francis Seminary from 1887 to 1893. From 1893 to 1905 he was chancellor and vicar gen- eral of the archdiocese of Milwaukee. He was consecrated first bishop of Superior, Wis., in 1905, but resigned in 1913, and in the following year was appointed first bishop of Spokane. SCHLANGENBAD (shlang'en-bat), a watering-place of Prussia, in Hesse-Nas- sau, 6 miles W. N. W. of Wiesbaden, among wooded hills. The water has a temperature of from 80° to 88°, and is beneficial in hysteria, neuralgia, rheuma- tism, gout, paralysis, etc. SCHLEGEL, AUGUST WILHELM VON (schla'gel), German author, born in Hanover, Prussia, Sept. 8, 1767. He was Professor of Literature in the Uni- versity of Bonn. His most notable works in literary and art criticism are: "Lec- tures on Dramatic Art and Literature" (3 vols. 1809-1811), translated into nearly all the languages of western Europe; "On the Theory and History of the Plas- tic Arts" (1827). In the field of Orien- talism he wrote "Reflections on the Study of the Asiatic Languages" (1832), and prepared editions of several Indian clas- sics. He translated many of the plays of Shakespeare and made the English dramatist a German classic. He trans- lated Dante, Calderon, Camoens, and other foreign masters of literature. He wrote sonnets, an elegy, "Rome" (1812), and other poems. He died in Bonn, Ger- many, May 12, 1845. SCHLEGEL, FRIEDRICH VON, a German philologist, born in Hanover, Prussia, March 10, 1772. He first de- voted himself to the study of Greek an- tiquity, and in 1794 published his great
