ROBERT OF GLOUCESTER 69 ROBERTS Fortifications, from 1895 to 1901. In 1901-2, and again in 1915, he was a member of the commission to design a sea-wall for Galveston. He published "Robert's Rules of Order" (1876, 1893, 1915) ; and "Index to Reports of Chief of Engineers U. S. A., on River and Harbor Improvements, from 1866 to 1887" (2 volumes, 1881, 1889). ROBERT OF GLOUCESTER, an Eng- lish chronicler, living at the time of the battle of Evesham (1265). He is re- markable for a metrical chronicle of England, from the time of the fabulous Brut to his own, based chiefly upon Geoffrey of Monmouth's book. It extends to 10,000 lines, and is one of the earliest epics of the English language. It was printed by Thomas Hearne in 1724. ROBERTS, ELLIS HENRY, an Ameri- can journalist and financier, born in Utica, N. Y., in 1827. He graduated from Yale University in 1850, and in the fol- lowing year became editor and proprietor of the Utica Morning Herald. He was a member of the State Legislature in 1866, and was elected to Congress in 1871, serv- ing until 1875. From 1889 to 1893 he was Assistant Treasurer of the United States, and Treasurer of the United States from 1897 to 1905. „ He wrote "Government Revenue" (1888); "New York, the Planting and Growth of the Empire State" (1887; 1904). He died in 1918. ROBERTS, FRANK HUNT HURD, an American educator, born at Mt. Ver- non, Ohio, in 1869. He was educated at the Ohio University, Kenyon College, and the University of Denver. From 1889 to 1893 he devoted himself to news- paper work in Ohio, from 1889 to 1899 he acted as superintendent and principal of schools for various schools, from 1903 to 1914 he was professor of history at the University of Denver, and in 1914 be- came extra-mural professor at this in- stitution. In September, 1910, he was made president of the New Mexico Nor- mal University, Las Vegas, N. M. He was public lecturer on historical and pedagogical subjects, investigated munici- pal ownership in Europe on behalf of the University of Denver, in 1905, and was the director of the Wyoming educational exhibit at the Paris and St. Louis ex- positions. From 1911 to 1917 he was a member of the New Mexico State Board of Education. In 1916-17 he was presi- dent of the New Mexico Educational As- sociation. During the World War he was the State chairman of the "Four-Minute Men," and of the National Security League. He was State president of the Y. M. C. A. from 1917 to 1919, and was also a member of the executive commit- tee of the Interchurch World Movement. He was a member of several historical and educational societies, and published "A Comparative Study of the State and Nation" (1900) ; "Civil Government" (1902) ; "Civil Government cf Wyoming" (1902); "History and Civics of New Mexico" (1918) ; and numerous articles to educational and political journals. ROBERTS, FREDERICK, EARL, an English military officer; the son of an Indian officer, Gen. Sir Abraham Roberts ; born in Cawnpur, India, Sept. 30, 1832. He was brought to England when two years old, educated at Clifton, Eton, Sand- hurst, and Addiscombe, and entered the FIELD-MARSHAL ROBERTS Bengal Artillery in 1851. His first taste of actual warfare was got in the hot time of the siege of Delhi, during the Mutiny, and he took an active part in the subsequent operations down to the relief of Lucknow, acting on the staff, in the quartermaster-general's department, and he won the V. C. He discharged the du- ties of assistant quartermaster-general in the Abyssinian expedition of 1868, and in the Lushai expedition of 1871-1872. On the outbreak of the Afghan War in 1878, Roberts, now Major-General, was appointed to command the Kurram divi- sion of the army. He forced in brilliant fashion the Afghan position on the peak of Peiwar Kotul (8,500 feet above sea- level), and was rewarded with a knight- commandership of the Bath (1879). Af- ter the murder of Sir Louis Cavagnari and the escort of the British mission at Kabul, he was given command of the
