2. In how many ways may we sin?
We may sin, 1. By bad thoughts, desires, words, and actions; and 2. Also by the omission of the good which we are bound to do.
3. Are all sins equally grievous?
No; there are grievous sins, which are called mortal; and there are lesser ones, which are called venial.
Some sins in the Holy Scripture are compared to motes, and others to beams (Matt. vii. 3); and it is also written of the just man that 'he shall fall seven times' (Prov. xxiv. 16).
4. When do we commit mortal sin?
We commit mortal sin when we wilfully violate the Law of God in a matter which we know or believe to be important.
5. Why are grievous sins called ' mortal ' sins?
Because grievous sin deprives the soul of supernatural life — that is, sanctifying grace — and renders us guilty of eternal death, or everlasting damnation.
'Sin, when it is completed, begetteth death' (James i. 15). 'I know thy works, that thou hast the name of being alive, and thou art dead' (Apoc. iii. 1).
6. When do we commit venial sin?
We commit venial sin when we transgress the Law of God in a matter not of grave importance, or when our transgression is not quite voluntary.
7. When is the transgression not quite voluntary?
When with our understanding we do not sufficiently perceive the evil, or, with our will, we do not fully consent to it.
8. Why are lesser sins called 'venial' sins?
Because they can be forgiven more easily, and even without confession.
9. Should we dread only mortal sins?
No; we should dread and carefully avoid any sin, whether it be grievous or venial, as the greatest evil on earth.
