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Fig. 2.—Record of evolution on the wings of butterflies.
1, a male, and 2, a female, of the Madagascar race of Papilio dardanus, 3, a male, and 4, the commonest female form of the Uganda and West Coast race of the same species of butterfly. The model resembled by the female and inhabiting the same area is very like 5, but differs from it in having a rather smaller white patch on the hind wing. The other female forms of Papilio dardanus in Uganda and elsewhere mimic other unpalatable models. 5, the model, Amauris niavius, and 6, the mimicking female of Papilio dardanus, from southwestern Abyssinia. Both were taken, together with three more of the model, by Mr. Arnold Hodson on November 15, 1925. Only four mimetic females, like 6, have been taken in Abyssinia, the ordinary form of female being male-like and much resembling 2. The left tail of the female shown in 6 has been torn off.
The acquisition of the mimetic pattern in the Abyssinian race is so recent that the females have not lost their tails, as they have in races in other parts of Africa (compare 6 and 4).
Photograph by Alfred Robinson. The figures are much below natural size.
