ANf
die plague ; and in many places it is given in powder to chil- dren to deftroy Worms, and to relieve in pains of the bowels. It is true that Clufius holds the root fufpcfled, and difcou- ragcs the ufe of it in medicine ; and John Bauhine tells us, it ought never to be given but with great caution, for that it purges violently. But Gelher, who fpeaks from abfolute ex- perience, tells us, that he had often taken it himfelf, and given it to others in cafes of malignant fevers, and even to children for worms, and that he never even found it to have the purgative quality which Bauhine afcribes to it. It may be given in powder from a fcruple to two fcruples for a dole, and is bell given in form of a bolus, its tafte being very difagreeable. Clufius, Johan. Bauhine, GeJ ner, Epift. AN 1 HOR1SMUS, A»0 o g ( ^^, i n rhetoric, denotes a counter definition or defcription of a thing. Heder. Schul. Lex. p. 261.
Thus, if the plantiffurge, that to take any thing away from Another, without his knowledge or confent, is a theft ; this is called ig K , or definition. If the defendant reply, that to take a thing away from another, without his knowledge or con- fent, provided it be done with defign to return it to him again, is not theft ; this is an A>9t;i;pi>;. AN THOS, in chemiftry, is ufed to denote the quinteffence or elixir ot gold ; and fometimes for a medicine extracted from pearls. Vid. Paracelf. de Vit. Long. 1. 3. c. I. Rul. Lex. Alch. invoc. Anthos Philafophorum is more particularly ufed to denote a method of tranfmuting metals by means of vitriol. Libav. Synt. Arc. Chem. 1. 7. c. 7. CaJI. Lex. in voc. ANTHOSMIAS, in fome antient naturalifts, denotes a rich odoriferous kind of wine. Suid. Lex. in A»6o<r|/.i«;. In this fenfe Anthofmias differs from Anthinos, as the latter imports a medicated wine fcented with odoriferous herbs, Whereas the former derived its fragrancy from the native grapes.
Some give a different explication of the antient Anthofmias. Langius will have it to have been a wine mixt with a fiftieth part of fea-water. Lang. Epift. Medic. 1. I. Ep. 27. p. 1 14. V. Athen. deipnos, 1. 1. Foes. p. 61. ANTHOXANTHl'M, in the Linnajan fyftem of botany, the name of a fort of gr.,fs which makes a diftincf genus of plants. The characters of this are, that the calix, or flower cup, is compofed of two glumes, the exterior containing one flower compofed of two valves of an oval figure, pointed, hollow, and the one larger than the other ; the interior glume is compofed of two valves of the fame length with the extetior larger valve, and each fending out a fine beard or acorn from its hinder part : this alfo contains one flower, which is compofed of two unequal fized valves, and is extremely thin in its whole frruflure, and quickly falls off. The fta- mina are three capillary filaments; the antherae are long, and fplit at their ends ; the germen of the piflillum is oblong ; the ftyles are capillary, two in number and hoary ; the ftigmata are fimple; the interior glume grows firmly to the feed, which is fingle, oblong and pointed at each end. Linneei Genera Plantarum, p. 18. ANTHRACIS, in natural hiftory, a word ufed by the an- tients in feveral different fenfes. Pliny makes it fynonymou; with Anthracias, which was the name of a gem in ufe among them very remarkable for its luftre, which as it was moved about refembled the twinkling and glittering of the ftars in a clear night ; others have underftood it to mean the afteria of the antients, in which a light fpeck refembling a (far feemed to be included within the body of the ftone, and to give light to the feveral parts of it as moved in different poftures. Pliny evidently means this in one place, where he defcribes this ftone, for he fays the ftars feem to run about and change place in it, and that they are fometimes black fpecks not bright ones that thus change place in it. All this feems evidently to refer the ftone to the cat's eye, or afteria kind ; but the word anthracitis being fometimes ufed as the genitive cafe of this, there has been fome confufion brought into the fubject by the famenefs of the found with that anthracitis which is the car- buncle. Many of the antients alfo have called the hsematites or blood-ftone by this name anthracitis, becaufe of its bein"- of the colour of a burning coal.
The word therefore is never to be conftrued haftily, but the context examined before it can be afcertained which of three fo very different fubftances is meant by it. ANTHRAX, in the natural hiftory of the antients, was a word ufed by the moft early writers for the fubftance we now call pit-coal and lithanthrax. Theophraftus plainly tells us, that the fubftance ftricrly and properly called Anthrax (for they alfo knew a gem by the fame name ufed in a metaphori- cal fenfe) was an earthy foflil fubftance, which was broken in pieces to be ufed, and kindled well, and burnt almoft like wood coals, and was ufed by the finiths. This was a fenfe however not univerfaliy received for the ac- count of Theophraftus till of late, and the underftanding the paflage m a wrong one, has been the occafion of many erro- neous, guefles about what this Anthrax was, among thofe who did not perceive that it meant the common coal. Wormius exprefsly fays, that Theophraftus calls the ampelites cannel coal, Anthrax, tho' there is no foundation for any fuch
Ant
aflertiofi from his works; and others, willing to make fome feme of the paflage, but (eeing it could not bear this, have made even more unwarrantable conjectures. Vid. Hill's Theophraftus ' p. 40.
Anthrax, in medicine— Some pretend to make adiftinflion be- tween the Anthrax and carbuncle, limiting this latter to the glandular parts, and the former to all the others But the' diftinaion is fcarce worth the making. Le Clerc Comp Surg. p. 112. See Carbuncle, Cycl. Rivettus, Tofius, Gemma, and Meurcrus, have difcourfes exprefs on the Anthrax. Lipen. Bibl Med. p. 72.
ANTHROMETRICA Maihina, a name which SanBorius gave to his weighing chair, connived for meafuring the quan- tity of mfenfible perfpiration. V. Aa. Erud. Lipf. 1726. p. 381.
ANTHROPOMMON, AtjiVit,^ in antient writers, i daemon concealed under the figure or appearance of a man.
Suid. Lex. T.
I. p. 214.
ANTRHOPOGLOTTUS, A,O e ,, ror wi. t , in natural hiftory, fomething that has a tongue, or fpeech refembling that of man.
The parrot-kind ate denominated Anthropoglotti, on account of their broad thick and mufcular tongues, by which they are enabled to fpeak, and to roll their meat from fide to fide under the edges of their bills. Vid. Grew, Muf. Reg. Socict, P. I. Secf 4. c. 1. p 57. ANTHRUPOGRAPHIA, a defcription of man; more par- ticularly, of the ftruSufe of his body and the parts thereof. ANTHROPOLATR^i, a title given to the Neftorians on account of their believing Chrift to be a mere man, yet paying him the honour of a God. V. Suit. Thef. & Du Cange, GloiT. Grace, in voc. -VS^iro^fai. ANTHROPOLATRIA, the paying divine woffhip of honours to a man. Anthropotatria is fuppofed by fome to have been the moft antient fpecies of idolatry ANTHROPOMETR1A, a defcription of the human body, with its feveral parts and members according to the three di- menfions, length, brea*th, and thicknefs, both confidered in themfelves, and comparatively to each other. Cajlel. Lex. in voc.
In this fenfe, Etlholzius has given an Anthripometria, de mutua memhrorum corporis humani proportione, &c. Patav. 1654. 4°. Burggr. Lex. Med. in voc.
The Anthropometria, it muft be owned, is a term fomewhat too narrow for this occafion ; fince the author not only un- dertakes to defcribe the dimenfions of man's body ; but to fhew the fymmetry of it.' ANTHROPOMORPHA, in the Linnman fyftem of nature^ a clafs of animals in fome degree refembling the human form. The word is derived from the Greek »9 f «ro;j a man, and /A^epij form.
The characters' of the animals of this clafs are, that they have either four fore-teeth, or elfe they have none at all. Bcfidc the human fpecies, which ftands at the head of this clafs, the author makes it comprehend the monkey, the ignavus or (loath, and the tomadua quacu, or ant-bear as it is ufually called. Linneei Syft. Nat. p. 34. ANTHROPOMORPHISM, among divines, the error of thofe who afcribe a human figure to the deity. Many of the antient faints and fathers as well as modern divines and philofophers ftand charged with Anthropomorphifm*, Johannes Hierofolymitanus ftrongly taxes St. Epiphanius with it a . The antient Ebionites were confefled Antbropombrphites, as appears from the author of the Clementines, who gives a proof of this opinion after his manner from fcripture and rea- fon ».— [' V. Budd. Ifag. ad Theol. 1. 2. c. 7 . p. 1006. * Vid. Bibl. Choif. T. 2. p. 64.]
It is very difficult to trace the progrefs of Anthropomor'phifm, which has infeSed the whole Chriftian world more or Iefs ; as well as a great part of the Jewifh and heathen world. It feems indeed not very eafy to fay who is free from it ; they wbofe ideas of the deity are pureft, and moft abftracf, do ftill take in fomething that is human, from which it feems almoft impoiEble for us to get entirely loofe. Rabbi Quarehi allures us, that God, when feated in heaven, had his feet in the temple of Jerufalem, which was his foot- ftool. Mem. deTrcv. An. 1718. p. 957. A late advocate c againft Arianifm feems to have carried An- thropomii-phifn further than had been known before. He afferts, that the three perfons of the trinity, the Father, the Son, and the Holy Ghoft have each of them a figure refem- bling that of a man ; and that when the fcripture attributes a face, eyes, hands, CfrV. to the divine being, it is to be taken literally. He adds that it was this refemblance between man and the three divine perfons that occafioned the fall of the angels ; thofe celeftial fpirits grew jealous of the honour that Was conferred upon us, which prompted them to rebel d . — [ c Warren, Antidot againft Arianifm. Jour, des Scav. T. 54, p. 236. (l Memde Trev. An. 1713. p. 1295.] Indeed if we literally keep to fcripture how lhall we avoid Antbropomorphifm? Dr. Coward afferts, that no unprejudiced perfon can read the Pentateuch, and be in any doubt, but that Mofes believed God to be corporeal. He adds, what can be more exprefs than that text in Exodus c ? " God fpokc to Mofes
