Journal (1863), 177; Portfolio (1870), 49; Meyer, Künst. Lex., ii. 263.
ARMSTRONG, THOMAS, born in Manchester,
England, in 1835. Figure painter;
pupil in Paris of Ary Scheffer. In later years
he has sought to combine modern French
style with Pre-Raphaelite simplicity and
agreeable colour. Works: Josephine, Morning,
Peach Gathering, The Lesson, exhibited
at Royal Academy since 1865.—Portfolio
(1871), 65.
ARNDT, FRANZ, born at Lobsenz, near
Posen, Aug. 20, 1842. Landscape and genre
painter; pupil at Weimar Art School under
Alex. Michaelis, and Theod. Hagen; visited
Italy in 1872 and 1877, was appointed professor
at the Art School in 1876, and secretary
in 1879. His landscapes show close
study of tree forms; his genre pieces are
generally humorous in design. Works:
Elegy, Scherzo (1872), Children's Jokes
(1873), Summer Morning, North German
Church.—Meyer, Künst. Lex., ii. 270;
Müller, 18.
ARNOLD, HERMANN, born in Munich,
May 7, 1846. History and genre painter;
pupil at Munich Academy under Hiltensperger,
Anschütz, Alex. Wagner, Schraudolph,
and Piloty. Works: Altarpiece, Inundation
Scene, Schützenkönig, Neighbour's
Children, Christ; Dream of Roses (1883).—Müller,
18.
ARNOLD, KARL JOHANN, born in
Berlin, Aug. 30, 1829. Portrait, animal,
and genre painter; pupil of the Cassel
Academy, of the Antwerp Academy, and
after his return to Berlin of Adolf Menzel,
who led him through a thorough study of
nature in all her aspects. Works: Siesta,
Fanny and her Admirers, Where is Fanny?
Welcome in the Green, Hessian Peasant
Girl, Wicliff Persecuted, the North German
Parliament, the Great Headquarters at
Paris, Boar Hunt, Altarpiece; portraits of
Louis Spohr, Bettina von Arnim, two of
King William, German Imperial Family;
Dinner in honour of the Congress.—Meyer,
Künst. Lex., ii. 277; Müller, 18.
ARNZ, ALBERT, born in Düsseldorf,
Jan. 24, 1832. Landscape painter, pupil
of the Düsseldorf Academy, under his
brother-in-law, Oswald Achenbach, with
whom he visited Italy and Switzerland.
Most of his subjects are taken from Rome
and Naples, though he has also painted
views in Westphalia and the Nether Rhine
countries. Works: The Regenstein in the
Hartz Mountains, Swiss Landscape, Wood
Landscape with Sheep, Summer Landscape,
On the Ruins of Rome (1869); The Colosseum,
Coast near Naples (1871).—Meyer,
Künst. Lex., ii. 297; Müller, 19.
ARPINO, CAVALIERE D'. See Cesari,
Giuseppe.
ARRIVABENE, GIULIO CESARE, born
in Mantua in 1806. History and figure
painter; pupil of the Milan Academy,
from which he received a prize in 1833.
Afterwards spent several years in Rome,
where he painted historical pictures, some
allegories in fresco for a palace, and in
Mantua and its neighbourhood madonnas
and saints for churches. Since 1853 he
has been settled in Florence, and has painted
mostly scenes from sacred history. Works:
Ruth, Duke of Sutherland's Collection;
Macbeth, Mr. Waring's Collection, London.—Meyer,
Künst. Lex., ii. 303.
ARSENIUS, JOHANN GEORG, born
at Klemmestorp, Westergöthland, Feb. 4,
1818. Painter of horses; pupil of Wahlbom
in 1849-50, and of the portrait painter
Staaf in 1843. In 1852 he went to Düsseldorf
and thence to Paris, where he
studied under Horace Vernet; in 1865 became
a member of the Stockholm Academy.
He is a Lieutenant-Colonel in the Swedish
cavalry. Works: Race (1864); Halt,
Fire in a Stable (1866); Horses Frightened
by Locomotive, Quarry near Lugnaas, Norwegian
Sledge-Trotter, Grey Span, Discarded
Cavalry Horse, Rigolboche, Jane,
Lisa Blenda, Stallion Aurico.—Meyer, Künst.
Lex., ii. 305.
ARSENNE, LOUIS CHARLES, born in
Paris, Dec. 23, 1780, died there, Aug. 3,
