BRUEGHEL, PEETER, the younger, called Höllen (Hell) Brueghel, born in Brussels in 1564, died in Antwerp about 1637. Flemish school; son of Peeter B. the elder; pupil of Gilles van Conincxloo; registered as a master in Antwerp in 1585. He was much influenced by the works of his father, whose predilection for ghostly and diabolical subjects he inherited, but he was his inferior in invention, colouring, and technical merit. Works: Christ delivering Souls from Purgatory, National Museum, Amsterdam; Christ bearing the Cross (1607), Antwerp Museum; do. (1606) and Peasants' Brawl, Berlin Museum; Hell (1596), Temptation of St. Anthony (1604), Destruction of Sodom and Gomorrah, Dresden Gallery; Rape of Proserpine, Tower of Babel, Conflagrations (2), Landscapes (2), Madrid Museum; Fall of Rebel Angels, Brussels Museum.—Allgem. d. Biog., iii. 402; Biog. nat. de Belgique, iii. 24; Ch. Blanc, École flamande; Dohme, 1i.; Michiels, v. 343; Rooses (Reber), 80.
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BRÜLLOW (Brylow), KARL PAVLOVICH, born in St. Petersburg in 1799, died at Marciano, near Rome, June 23, 1852. History painter, pupil of St. Petersburg Academy under Ivanoff; went in 1823 to Rome, and after his return became court painter and professor at the Academy. In 1835 he visited Greece, Turkey, and Palestine, and later went again to Italy. He was member of the St. Petersburg, Milan, and Bologna Academies. Works: Narcissus (1819); Last Day of Pompeii (1833), Hermitage, St. Petersburg; Murder of Inez de Castro; Ascension, Kasan Church, St. Petersburg; fresco paintings in Isaac Church, many portrait and genre scenes in Hermitage.—Brockhaus, iii. 619; Meyer, Con. Lex., iv. 10.
BRUMIDI, CONSTANTINO, born in
Rome, June 20, 1805, died in Washington,
Feb. 19, 1880. History painter; studied in
Rome and became member of the Academy
when thirteen years old; painted frescos in
several palaces of his native city and under
Gregory XVI. for three years in the Vatican.
After the occupation of Rome by the French
in 1849, he went to America, where he was
naturalized in 1852; went to Mexico in 1854;
after his return to Washington was made
captain of cavalry, and afterwards entrusted
with the decoration of the Capitol. His
Apotheosis of Washington and scenes from
American history and allegories in the
Capitol, Washington, were the first frescos
painted in America.—Meyer, Conv. Lex.,
xviii. 158.
BRUN. See Lebrun.
BRUNE, Mme. AIMÉE PAGÈS, born in
Paris, Aug. 24, 1803, died there, Aug. 11,
1866. Genre and history painter; pupil of
Charles Meynier. Medals: 2d class, 1831;
1st class, 1841. Works: Sleep, Awakening,
Elopement, Undine (1831); Condemnation
of Anne Boleyn, The Bravo, The Prophecy
(1833); Sad News (1834); Silvio Pellico
(1835); Birth in a Fisherman's Family
(1837); Moses Saved (1841); Jairus's Daughter
(1842); Raphael introduced to Leonardo
da Vinci by Bramante (1845); Jephthah's
Daughter (1846); The Virgin offering Flowers
in the Temple (1853).
BRUNI, FEODOR ANTONOVICH, born
in Milan in 1801, died in St. Petersburg,
Nov. 1875. History painter; studied in
1834 in Rome, became, in 1849, director of
the painting department at the St. Petersburg
Academy, then rector, and in 1866
also director of the School of Mosaics.
Works: Apparition of Virgin (Kasan Church,
St. Petersburg), Death of Cleopatra, Brazen
Serpent, Christ on Mount of Olives, Bacchante
giving a Child to drink.—Künst-Chronik,
xi. 73.
BRUNNER, HANS, born in Munich,
March 2, 1813. Genre and portrait painter;
pupil of Munich Academy, under Cornelius;
visited in 1833 the Bavarian Alps and Tyrol;
lived then for some time in Venice. In
1840 he left Munich and lived until 1865 in
