Neapolitan school; of good family and education; pupil of Francesco Imparato, and later of Caravaggio when that painter was in Naples, about 1606. Roused by the fame of Annibale Carracci, he went to Rome, and by diligent study of his works in the Palazzo Farnese, became a correct designer in that painter's style, still preserving the strong contrasts of light and shade that he had learned from Caravaggio. Some of his pictures are in churches in Naples. He belonged to the infamous Neapolitan Cabal of which Spagnoletto was the head.—Lanzi, ii. 34; Ch. Blanc, École napolitaine.
CARAUD, JOSEPH, born at Cluny,
(Saône-et-Loire), Jan. 5, 1821. Genre painter,
pupil of Abel de Pujol and Charles Louis
Müller. Some of his pictures have been
engraved. Medals: 3d class, 1859; 2d
class, 1861 and 1863; L. of Honour, 1867.
Works: Oracle of the Fields (1847); The
Awakening, Dark and Fair (1849); Dancing
Lesson, Interrupted Breakfast, A Kitchen
(1855); Marie Antoinette in the Little Trianon,
Abbé Prévost reading Manon Lescaut
at an Actress's (1857); Athalie played at
Saint-Cyr before Louis XIV., Louis XV.
and Mme. Dubarry (1859); Mlle. de la Vallière
taking the Veil, The Sedan Chair
(1861); The Great Condé's Return after the
Battle of Senef, Signing the Contract, The
First-Born (1863); Louis XVI. making
Locks (1865); Blessing the Bread, The Alert
(1867); Scenes from Marriage of Figaro
(1868); Marie Antoinette and Madame
Royale at Versailles (1870); Soubrette Walking,
Girl holding a Cat (1872); Breakfast
(1873); Parroquet (1874); Pointed Finger
(1875); Little Farmer (1876); Spring-Time,
Pleased Abbé (1877); Louis XV. and Mme.
Dubarry at the Little Trianon, Coffee Mill
(1878); Pouting, Flower-Girl (1879); Soubrette
Asleep, Two Friends (1880); Magpie,
Gardener (1882); Parroquet, A Letter (1883);
Fisher-maiden (1884); Spinner, Petit Déjeuner
(1885).
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CARAVAGGIO, MICHELANGELO DA,
born at Caravaggio in 1569, died at Porto
Ercole in 1609. Roman school. Real name
Michelangelo Amerighi or Merighi; son of a
mason; employed
in Milan
to mix plaster
for fresco painters,
and learned
to paint by
watching them.
Went to Venice
and studied
works of Giorgione;
thence to
Rome, where he aided Cesare d'Arpino in
painting ornamental parts of his pictures.
The novelty of his style, an energetic but
coarse rendering of nature, without selection
and without taste, soon attracted
notice, and his works won such public admiration
that other artists were led to imitate
his powerful though corrupt manner.
After painting many important pictures in
Rome, he fled to Naples to escape justice for
the homicide of a companion, committed in
a moment of anger. After various wanderings
he received the Pope's pardon for this
crime, and was on his way from Naples to
Rome by sea when he died at Porto Ercole.
Among his best works are: Entombment, Vatican;
Gamesters, Palazzo Sciarra, Rome; Judith
and Holofernes, Naples Museum; Chess
Players, Venice Academy; Cupid Asleep, Palazzo
Pitti, Florence; Christ among the Doctors,
Christ and the Tribute Money, Head of
Medusa, Uffizi, Florence; Fortune Teller,
Capitol Gallery, Rome; Lute Player, Liechtenstein
Gallery, Vienna; Fortune Teller, A
Concert, Death of the Virgin, Portrait of
Grand Master of Malta, Louvre; Two Men
Drinking, Modena Gallery; St. Sebastian,
Brera, Milan; St. Matthew and Angel, Berlin
Museum; Fortune Teller, Gamesters,
Dresden Gallery; Lute Player, Christ
crowned with Thorns, Martyrdom of St.
Peter, Martyrdom of St. Sebastian, Hermitage,
St. Petersburg; Supper at Emmaus,
National Gallery, London.—Ch. Blanc,
École ombrienne; Seguier, 3; Wornum,
