Anschütz and Wagner, and finally in Munich under Karl von Piloty; settled in Warsaw. Works: The Reading (1872); Entrance into Convent (1873); Hamlet and the Actors (1879).—Müller, 121; Illustr. Zeitg. (1874), i. 311.
CZERMAK ([)C]ermák), JAROSLAV, born
in Prague, Sept. 1, 1831, died in Paris, April
23, 1878. History and genre painter; pupil
of Prague Academy under Ruben, of Antwerp
Academy under Wappers, where he won
the first prize, then in Brussels the only
pupil of Gallait. Having formerly visited
Munich and Düsseldorf, he travelled in 1850
through Holland, studied for some time in
Normandy, then settled in Paris, where he
completed his studies under Robert-Fleury,
and won fame and wealth, passing his summers
in the village of Roscoff, Brittany. Visited
Moravia, Hungary, and the southern
Slavic countries in 1858, Dalmatia and Montenegro
again in 1862 and 1863. Medals: Paris,
2d class, 1861; médaille unique, 1868; L. of
Honour, 1876; great gold medal, Brussels,
1855; Rouen, 1865; Order of Leopold, 1868.
Works: Dalibor in Prison, Sentence of Conradin
of Suabia and Frederic of Baden (1844);
Marius on the Ruins of Carthage (1847);
Slovak Emigrants (1849), King of the Belgians;
Huss and Procop the Bald entering
Council of Basle; Defence of a Pass by Taborites;
[)Z]i[)s]ka and Procop reading the Bible;
Poet Lomnicky as Beggar on the Bridge of
Prague (1852), Czernin Gallery, Vienna;
Frederic the Winterking receiving News of
lost Battle at White Mountain (1852); Norman
Fishermen reading the Gospel; Episode
in Counter Reformation in Bohemia (great
gold medal, Brussels); Workmen on High-*road
to the Coast (1854); Old Jewish Cemetery
at Prague, Scene in Thirty Years' War,
Girls by a Church (1858); Abduction of
Herzegovinian Women by Bashi-Bazouks
(1868); Episode in Montenegrine War of
1862, Hunting and Fishing at Roscoff (1873);
Herzegovinian Girl leading Horses to Water-*trough,
Meeting in the Mountains—Montenegro
(1874); Episode in Siege of Naumburg
(1876); Herzegovinians returning to their
Village sacked by Bashi-Bazouks (1877);
Dalmatian Chieftain mortally wounded; Episode
in Massacre in Syria, T. A. Havemeyer,
New York.—Art Treas. of Amer., i. 135; N.
illustr. Zeitg. (1878), ii. 702; Wurzbach, ii.
321; xi. 386.
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DABOUR, JOHN, born in Smyrna, Turkey in Asia, in 1837. Portrait painter, pupil in Paris of École des Beaux Arts and of Jeanron. Studio in Baltimore, where he has resided many years. Among his portraits are those of Senators Cameron and Davis, Gov. Groome of Maryland, and Bishops Spaulding and Purcell. He exhibited in the National Academy, New York, in 1879, A Nymph.
DADDI, BERNARDO, died in 1380.
Florentine school; follower of Giotto. Vasari
calls him a pupil of Spinello, but this is
inconsistent with the only dates of his life.
He was admitted into the Apothecaries'
Guild in 1320, and was a member of the
Company of St. Luke in 1349. If, as Milanesi
suggests, Daddi painted (1346-47) the
Madonna of Orcagna's tabernacle at Or San
Michele, he has been greatly underrated.
The only extant frescos by him are in the
chapel of S. Stefano de Pulci in S. Croce,
Florence. They show the weakness of an
artist of a low order, but with some knowledge
of the laws of composition as known
to most of the inferior Giottesques. A small
Madonna by him, signed Bernardus de Florentia,
is in the Florence Academy.—C. & C.,
Italy, ii. 6; Lübke, Gesch. ital. Mal., i. 154;
Vasari, ed. Mil., i. 463, 673, N. 2; W. & W.,
i. 454.
DAEGE, EDUARD, born in Berlin, April
10, 1805, died there, June 6, 1883. History
painter, pupil of the Berlin Academy under
Niedlich, then of Wach; visited Italy in
1832-33, painted afterwards many altar-
