12 33 TUCRIS. liuil the surname of Augusta Gemella. Commonly uientified with Tejada. (Cf. Florez, Esp. Sagr. xii. p. 355.) [T. H. D.l TUCRIS (TovKpis, Ptol. ii. 6. § 56), a town of the Arevaci in Hispania Tarraconensis [T. H. D.] TUDK (ToCSai and TodvSai, Ptol. ii. 6. § 45), a fort or castle of the Gruii or Gravii, in Hispania Tarraconensis, E. of Limia, and on the road from Bracara to Asturiea. (ftm. Ant. p. 429.) It is called Tyde by Pliny (iv. 20. s. 34), and according to an ancient tradition it was the seat of an Aetolian colony under Diomed ; a tale probably occasioned by the similarity of its name to that of Tydeus. (Sil. Ital. iii. 367, xvi. 369; Plin. I.e.; Avien. Descr. Orb. 650.) It is the modern Twj. [T. H. D.] TUDER (ToGSep: Etk. Tudertinus: Todl), one of the most considerable cities of Umbria, situated on a lofty hill, rising above the left bank of the Tiber, about 26 miles S. of Perusia and 18 V. of Spoletium. There is no doubt that it was an ancient Umbrian city, but no mention of the name occurs in history previous to the Roman conquest. Silius Italicus tells us that it was celebrated for the worship of Mars (Sil. Ital. iv. 222, viii. 462), and notices its position on a lofty hill. (Id. vi. 645.) The first notice of it in history is on occasion of a pro- digy which occurred there at the time of the inva- sion of the Cimbri and Teutones (Plut. Mar. 17; Plin. ii. 57. s. 58); and shortly after we learn that it was taken by Crassus, as the lieutenant of Sulla, during the wars of the latter with the partisans of Marius. (Plut. Crass. 6.) It received a colony under Augustus, and assumed the title of " Colonia Fida Tuder," probably in consequence of some ser- vices rendered during the Perusian War, though its nameis not mentioned by Appian. (Plin. iii. 14. s. 19; Lib. Colon, p. 214; Wurat. Inscr. pp. 1111. 4, 1120. 3; Orell. Inscr. 3726.) It appears from inscriptions to have been a flourishing and important town under the Roman Empire, and is mentioned by all the geo- graphers among the chief towns of Um.bria. (Str.ab. V. p. 227; Plin. Z. c; Ptol. iii. 1. § 54.) It was not situated on the Flaminian Way, but the Tabula gives a line of road, which led from Ameria to Tuder, and thence to Perusia. (7a6. Pent.') Its great strength as a fortress, arising from its elevated position, is already alluded to by Strabo (/. c), and rendered it a place of importance during the Gothic Wars, after the fall of the Western Empire. (Procop. B. G. ii. 10, 13.) It is again mentioned as a city under the Lombards (P. Diac. iv. 8); and there can be no doubt that it continued throughout the middle ages to be a considerable city. It is now much de- cayed, and has only about 2500 inhabitants, but still retains the title of a city. Considerable ancient remains still attest its fonner consideration. Among these the most remarkable are the walls of the city, some portions of which are apparently of great antiquity, resembling those of Perusia, Volaterrae, and other Etruscan cities, but they are in general more regular and less rude. Other parts of the walls, of which three distinct cir- cuits may be traced, are of regular masonry and built of travertine. These are certainly of Roman date. There are also the remains of an ancient building, called by local antiquarians the temple of JIars, but more probably a basilica of Roman date. Numerous coins and other small objects have been found at Todi: among the latter the most interesting is a bronze statue of Mars, now in the Museo Gre- <joriano at Rome. The coins of Tuder, which are TULLONIUM. numerous, belong to the class called Acs Grave, being of brass and of large size, resembling the earliest coinage of Volaterrae, Iguvium, &c. They all have the name written in Etruscan characters TVTEUE, which we thus learn to have been the native form of the name. [E. H. B.] TUE'ROBIS (Toue'pogis, Ptol ii. 3. § 11), a river on the W. coast of Britannia Romana, now the Tinj. [T. H. D.] TUFICUM {Tov<l>iKov: £■</«. Tuficanus), a muni- cipal town of Umbria, mentioned both by Pliny and Ptolemy, as well as in an inscription, which confirms its municipal rank; but its site is wholly uncertain. (Plin. iii. 14. s. 19; Ptol. iii. 1. § 53; Orell. Inscr. 87.) [E. II. B.] TU'GENI {Toivyivoi). [Helvetii, Vol. I. p. 1041.] TUGIA, a town of the Oretani, in Hispania Tar- raconensis. (Plin. iii. 3. s. 4 ; Itin. Ant. p. 404.) Its site is marked by some ruins at Toya, near Quesada, at the .sources of the Guadalquivir. (Cf. Florez, Esp. Sagr. v. pp. 24, 34; D'Anville, Geogr. Anc. i. p. 34.) [T. H. D.] TUGIENSIS SALTUS, a part of the chain of Mount Orospeda, which derived its name from the town of Tugia, and in which, according to Pliny (iii. 1. s. 3), the Baetis had its source, whence it ivould appear to be the same branch called by others IIons Argentarius. [Cf. OiiosrEDA.] [T. H. D.] TUICIAE or TERICIAE, as some read it, in Gallia Narbonensis, between Glanum [Glanum] and Aquae Sextiae (^Aix). It is placed in the Table between Glanum and Pisavae, xi. from Glanum and xv. from Pisavae. D'Anville fixes Tuiciae or Tericiae, as he reads the name, about Aiquieres or Aureille. This second name, as he ob- serves, seems to have some relationship to that of the Roman road described in the Antonine Itin. under the name of Via Aurelia as far as Arelate (^Aries'). It is said that there are many remains at a place named Jean- Jean about a mile from Aiquieres. [G. L.J TULCIS, a small river on the E. coast of His- pania, near Tarraco. (Mela, ii. 6.) It is probably the modem Gaya. [T. H. D.] TULINGI. [Helt!:tii, Vol. L p. 1042.] TULIPHURDUM {TovXlipovpUv), a place in Germany, probably in the country of the Chauci Minores, on the right bank of the Visurgis. (Ptol. ii. 11. § 28.) Wilhelm {Gennemien, p. 161) iden- tifies it with the modern Verden; but this is a mere conjecture. [L. S.] TULISU'RGIUM {TovXurovpyiov), a town in Germany, probably belonging to the country of the Dulgibini. (Ptol. ii. 11. §28.) Not to mention other conjectures as to its modern representative, Zeuss {Die Deufschen, p. 7) and Wilhelm {Germanien, p. 46) are of opinion that the reading in Ptolemy is VFi'ong, and that we should read TevriSovpyiov, which they I'egard as the place from which the Teutoburgiensis Saltus derived its name ; and it is accordingly believed that the rem.ains of an ancient wall, now called the Ilunenring, on Jlount Groien- burg, near Detmold, marks the site of the ancient Teutoburgium. But all this is no more than a plausible conjecture. [L. S.] TULLICA {TovWiKa, Ptol. ii. 6. § 64), a town of the Caristi in Hispania Tarraconensis. [T.H.D.] TULLO'NIUM {ToyXopiOf, Ptol. ii. 6. § 66), a town of the Barduli in Hispania Tarraconensis, on the road from Pompolo to Asturiea. {Itin. Ant. p. 455.) Probably the modern Alegria. [T. H. D.]
