1240 TURIASO. TURIASO (Tovpiaad) and Tovptaaffw, Ptol. ii. 6. § 58; Turiasson, Geogr. Rav. iv. 43: Etk. Turia- sonensis, Plin. iii. 3. s. 4), a town of the Celtiberi in Hispania Tarraconensis, nn the road from Caesar- aucjnsta to Numantia (/<wi. Ant. pp. 442, 443). According to Pliny (I. c.) it was a civitas Romana in the jurisdiction of Caesaraugusta. A fountain in its neighbourhood was said to have the quality of hardening iron (Id. xxsiv. 14. s. 41). The town is now called Tarrazona. For coins see Florez, Med. ii. p. 600, iii. p. 124; Mionnet, i. p. 53, and Suppl. i. p. 167; Sestini p. 207. [T. H. D.] TURICUM. [Helvetii, Vol. I. p. 1041.] TURIGA. [CuRGiA.] TURISSA (called by Ptolemy 'Irovpiaa, ii. 6. § 67), a town of the Vascones in Hispania Tarraco- nensis, on the road from Pompelo to Burdigala (Itin. Ant. p. 455.) Variously identified with Itureti and O.iteriz. [T. H. D.] TURMO'DIGI. [JIuRBOGi.] TU'RMOGUJI (Tovpfxoyof, Ptol. ii. 5. § 8), a town in the interior of Lusitania. [T. H. D.] TURJIULI, a town of Lusitania on the Tagus, and on the road from Emerita to Caesaraugusta. {Itin. Ant. p. 433.) Variously identified with Alconctar and Puente de Alcunete. [T. H. D.] TURNACUM or TORNACUJI, a city of North Gallia, is first mentioned in the Roman Itins. In the Notit. Imp. mention is made of a military force under the name of Numerns Turnaccnsium ; and of a "Procurator Gynaecii Tornacensis Belgicae Se- cundae." This procurator is explained to be a super- intendent of some number of women who were employed in making clothing for the soldiers. Hie- ronymus about a. d. 407 ."speaks of Turnacum as one of the chief towns of Gallia ; and Audoenus, in his life of S. Eligius (St. Eloi) in the seventh century, savs of it, " quae quondam regalis estitit civitas." Turnacum was within the limits of the ancient territory of the Nervii. The Flemish name is Doornich. which the French have corrupted into Tournai. Townai is on the Schelde, in the pro- vince of Bahiardt, in the kingdom of Belgium. There are silver corns of Turnacum, with the legend dvknacos and dvknacvs. On one side there is the head of an armed man, and on the other a horseman armed. On some there is said to be the legend dvbno rex. Numerous Roman medals have been found at Tournai, some of the time of Augustus and others as late as Claudius Go- thicus and Tetricus.'and even of a later date. The tomb of Childeric I., who died A. D. 481, was dis- covered at TowTiai in the seventeenth century, and a vast quantity of gold and silver medals, and other curious things ; among which was the golden ring of Childeric, with his name on it, childirici REGIS. Such discoveries as these, which have been made in various places in Belgium, show how little we know of the Roman history of this country. (D'Anville, Notice, <^-c. ; Ukert, Gallien ; Recueil d'Antiqtiitis Romaines et Gaiiloi^es irouvees daiis la Flandre proprement dite, par M. J. de Bast.) [G.L.] TUROBRICA, a town of Hispania Baetica in the jurisdiction of Hispalis (Plin. iii. 1. s. 3). [T.H. D.] TU'RODI (TovpoSoi, Ptol.ii. 6. § 40), a people in Hispania Tarraconensis, probably a subdivision of the Callaici Bracarii, in whose territory were the baths called "TSara Aaia. [T. H. D.] TU'RONES, TU'RUNI, TURO'NII. Some of Caesar's troops wintered in the country of the Turones after the campaign of b. c. 57 {B. G. ii. 35). The TURRIS. Turones are mentioned again (i>. G. viii. 46), where we learn that they bordered on the Camutes; and in another place (vii.4) they are mentioned with the Pic- tones, Cadurci, Aulerci, and other states of Western Gallia. When Vercingetorix (b. c. 52) was rousing all Gallia against Caesar, he ordered the Turones to join him. The contingent which they were called on to furnish against Caesar, during the siege of Alesia was 8000 men (vii. 75). But the Turones never gave Caesar much trouble, though Lucan calls them " instabiles" (i. 437), if the verse is genuine. In Ptolemy (ii. 8. § 14), the name is Tovpoyie'is, and the capital is Caesarodunum or Tours on the Loire. In the insurrection of Sacrovir in the time of Tiberius, the Turonii, as Tacitus calls them {Ann. iii. 41, 46), rose against the Romans, but they were soon put down. They are in the Lugdunensis of Ptolemy. The chief part of the territory of the Turones was south of the, Loire, and their name is the origin of the provincial name Touraine. Ukert (Gallien, p. 329) mentions a silver coin of the Turoni. On one side there is a female head with the legend " Turonos," and on the other " Cantorix" with the figure of a galloping horse. [G. L.] TURO'NI (Tovpwvoi), a German tribe, described as occupying a district on the south of the country once inhabited bv the Chatti, perhaps on the nortliern bank of the Jloe'nus. (Ptol. ii. 1 1. § 22.) [L. S.] TUROQUA (in the Geogr. Rav. iv. 43, Tura- QUa), a town of the Callaici in Hispania Tarraco- nensis on the road from Bracara to Lucus Augusii {Itin. Ant. p. 430.) Variously identified with Touren (or Ttiron) and Rihnvadia. [T. H. D.] TURRES, a place in the interior of Moesia Su- perior. {Itin. Ant. p. 135; Itin. Hieros. p. 566; Geogr. Rav. iv. 7.) Procopius {de Aed. iv. 4. p. 285) calls it Tovp^iSas, which is intended for Tur- ribus. Variously identified with Szark&i and Tckar- dah. [T. H. D.] TURRES (AD). I. A town of the Oretani in Hispania Tarraconensis {Itin. Ant. p. 445). Vari- ously identified with Calatrava and Oreto. 2. A to^^^l in the territory of the Contestani in the same province {Itin. Ant. p. 400). Identified either with Castralla or Olleria. [T.H. D.] TURRES ALBAE {VLiipyoi Xfvicoi, Ptol. ii. 5. § 6), a place of the Celtici in Lusitania. [T. H. D.] TURRIGA {Tovppiya or Tovpyiva, Ptol. ii. 6. § 23), a town of the Callaici Lucenses in Hispania Tarraconensis. [T. H. 1).] TURRIM, AD, in Gallia Narbonensis, east of Aquae Sextiae {Aix), is placed in the Antonine Itin. between Matavonium and Tegulata [Tegui.vVta]. The name Turris is preserved in that of Tourves, which is written Torrevez and Torvis in some middle age documents. (D'Anville, Notice, cfc.) [G. L.] TURRIS. 1. TuRRis C.vksaris, a place in Nu- midia, whence there was a road through Sigus to Cirta. {Itin. Ant. p. 34.) Usually identified with Tivill, but by Lapie with Djebel Guerionu. 2. [EupuRANTA Turris.] 3. Turris Hajjniralis, a strong fortress in the territory of Carthage, where Hannibal took ship when flying to king Antiochus. (Liv. xxxiii. 48.) Justin calls it the Rus urbanum Hannibalis (xxxi. 2). It seems to have been situated between Acholla and Thapsus, at the spot where the Tab. Pent. places Sullectis. 4. Turris Tajialleni, in Africa Proper, on the road from Tacape to Leptis Magna. {Itin. Ant. pp 73, 74.) Now Tekmin. [T. H. D.]
