the Honourable Artillery Company of London (3 June to September 1690), a commissioner of Greenwich Hospital (20 Feb. 1695), colonel in the Berkshire, Norwich, Norfolk, Surrey, and Southwark regiments of militia (1697), and during that year captain of the first troop of Surrey horse militia. On 18 Jan. 1691 he attended William III to Holland.
Norfolk died without issue at Norfolk House, St. James's Square, on 2 April 1701, and was buried on the 8th at Arundel, Sussex. His immediate successors in the title were his nephews, Thomas, eighth duke (1683–1732), and Edward, ninth duke (1680–1777). On 8 Aug. 1677 he married Lady Mary Mordaunt, daughter and heiress of Henry, second earl of Peterborough, but, owing to her gallantries with Sir John Germain [q. v.] and others, he separated from her in 1685. He did not succeed in divorcing her until 11 April 1700, in consequence of the opposition of her first cousin, Lord Monmouth (afterwards Earl of Peterborough). The duchess assisted Lord Monmouth in his intrigue with Sir John Fenwick [q. v.], and afterwards confessed to it (1697). Monmouth, in the House of Lords, violently denied the truth of her story. Her husband thereupon rose, and said, with sour pleasantry, that he gave entire faith to what she had deposed. ‘My lord thought her good enough to be wife to me; and, if she is good enough to be wife to me, I am sure that she is good enough to be a witness against him.’
[Collins's Peerage (Brydges),i. 136-8; Burnet's Own Time (Oxf.ed.); Evelyn's Diary; Luttrell's Historical Relation of State Affairs, 1857; Macaulay's Hist. of England; see art. Germain, Sir John.]
HOWARD, HENRY (1684–1720), Roman catholic bishop-elect, born 10 Dec. 1684, was second son of Lord Thomas Howard of Worksop, by Elizabeth Marie, daughter of Sir John Saville of Copley, Yorkshire, and therefore grandson of Henry, sixth duke of Norfolk [q. v.] He entered the English College at Douay, where he studied with his brothers Thomas, Edward, and Philip. Thomas and Edward Howard afterwards became successively eighth and ninth dukes of Norfolk. On 7 Sept. 1706 he took the mission oath, and at Advent 1709 was ordained priest. He had passed with praise, it was afterwards asserted, through the courses of philosophy and theology. In 1710 he joined the Pères de la Doctrine Chrétienne at Paris, at the time that the Jansenist controversy was raging there. The English Jesuits were strongly orthodox; and they persuaded Howard to remove in the same year (May 1710) to the Jesuit seminary of St. Gregory. Here he resided till July 1713, when he came to England on a mission, and is said, while living at Buckingham House, to have effected many conversions.
On 2 Oct. 1720 he was appointed coadjutor to Bishop Bonaventure Giffard [q. v.] of the London district, with the title of Bishop of Utica in partibus (Brady, Episcopal Succession, iii. 156). He died, however, of a fever caught while visiting the poor, before his consecration, on 22 Nov. 1720, and was buried at Arundel. ‘Such charity,’ said Bishop Giffard, ‘such piety, has not been seen in our land of a long time.’ There is a portrait at Greystoke believed to represent either Henry Howard or his brother Richard.
In the ‘Howard Papers’ it is asserted (p. 313) that Henry Howard died at Rome. The statement obviously refers to his brother Richard Howard (1687–1722), also a priest in the Roman communion, who died at Rome, where he was a canon of St. Peter's, on 22 Aug. 1722.
[Gillow's Bibl. Dict. iii. 426; Knox's Douay Diaries, pp. 54, 88, 90; Causton's Howard Papers; Howard's Memorials of the Howard Family.]
HOWARD, HENRY (1757–1842), author of the ‘Memorials of the Howard Family,’ born at Corby Castle, Cumberland, 2 July 1757, was eldest son of Philip Howard (1730–1810) of Corby Castle, who wrote the ‘Scriptural History of the Earth and of Mankind,’ London, 1797. His mother was Anne, daughter of Henry Witham of Cliff, Yorkshire. Howard was educated at the college of the English Benedictines at Douay, and for a short time in 1774 studied at the university of Paris. On 17 Dec. 1774 he entered the Theresian Academy at Vienna, and there became a friend of Monticucolli and Marsigli. He left Vienna in September 1777, but failing to obtain permission to serve in the English army, he travelled for a time with his father and mother. At Strasburg the governor, M. de la Salle, and General Wurmser showed him kindness, and during the two or three years that he passed in study there, living with his father and mother, he often visited Cardinal Rohan. General Wurmser tried to induce him to accept a commission in the Austrian service, but he refused, in the hope that he might yet obtain an English commission. In 1782, however, he went with Prince Christian of Hesse-Darmstadt to the camp before Prague. In 1784 a final attempt on the part of the Earl of Surrey to get him admitted into the German detachment of the Duke of York's forces failed, and in the year following he retired to Corby.
Howard spent the rest of his life as a
