KEYES or KEYS, ROGER (d. 1477), architect and warden of All Souls' College, Oxford, is first mentioned in 1437, when, together with John Druell, afterwards archdeacon of Exeter, he was architect and inspector of works at the building of All Souls' College, Oxford, by Archbishop Chichele [q. v.] He was one of the original fellows of the college, and succeeded Richard Andrews as warden in 1442, holding that post for three years. In 1448 Keyes was summoned by Henry VI to act as clerk of the works for the new royal foundation of Eton College, with a salary of 50l. a year. For his services at Eton he and his brother, Thomas Keys, received a grant of arms and patent of nobility from the king on 19 May 1449, and he was collated to the archdeaconry of Barnstaple, 25 Jan. 1449–50. Keyes acted as precentor of Exeter Cathedral in 1467 and 1469, and apparently held the post till his death. In 1469 he made a present of books to Exeter College, Oxford. Keyes died on 11 Nov. 1477, and was buried at Exeter.
[Dict. of Architecture; Burrows's Worthies of All Souls; Bentley's Excerpta Historica; Anthony à Wood's Hist. of Oxford; Willis and Clark's Architectural Hist. of Cambridge; Le Neve's Fasti Eccl. Angl. i. 407, 411.]
KEYL, FREDERICK WILLIAM (Friedrich Wilhelm) (1823–1873), animal painter, born at Frankfort-on-the-Maine on 17 Sept. 1823, showed at an early age a taste for drawing animals, and became a pupil of Eugene Verboeckhoven at Brussels. In May 1845 he came to London for the purpose of studying under Sir Edwin Landseer [q. v.] Landseer received Keyl as a pupil, and became much attached to him. Through Landseer Keyl was introduced to Queen Victoria and the prince consort, and obtained many commissions from the royal family. Keyl was a frequent exhibitor at the Royal Academy and British Institution, though he was naturally averse to exhibiting his works. He died in London on 5 Dec. 1873, and was buried in Kensal Green cemetery. There are three pleasing drawings by Keyl in the print room at the British Museum.
[Redgrave's Dict. of Artists; Graves's Dict. of Artists, 1760–1880; Bryan's Dict. of Painters, ed. Graves; Men of the Reign.]
KEYMIS, LAWRENCE (d. l6l8), naval commander. [See Kemys.]
KEYNES, GEORGE, alias Brett (1630–1659), jesuit, son of Edward Keynes of Compton Pauncefoot and his wife, Ann Brett, both of old Roman catholic families resident in Somerset, was born in 1630, and entered his novitiate as a jesuit at Rome 2 Jan. 1649. He studied at St. Omer, and, having been ordained priest, sailed for the China mission in December 1654, but died at the Philippine Islands in 1659. He published a translation of the ‘Roman Martyrology,’ of which a second and much enlarged edition was printed at St. Omer in 1667.
[Foley's Records, iv. and vi. 371; Oliver's Collections, p. 125; Visitation of Somerset (Harl. Soc.), vol. xi.]
KEYNES, JOHN (1625?–1697), jesuit, born at Compton Pauncefoot, Somerset, about 1625, was probably brother of George Keynes [q. v.] After studying humanities in the college of the English jesuits at St. Omer, he removed to the college of St. Alban at Valladolid, and entered the Society of Jesus on 30 July 1645. Subsequently he taught philosophy at Compostella, and theology for nine years at Valladolid, Salamanca, and Pampeluna. He was made prefect of the higher studies at Liège, and obtained permission to devote himself to the care of the English soldiers in the Low Countries while the plague was raging among them. In this service he caught the infection, and for the recovery of his health was sent to England. He was professed of the four vows on 15 Aug. 1662. At the time of the pretended popish plot he was superior of his brethren in the ‘college of St. Ignatius’ or London district, and although the government diligently searched for him, he succeeded in escaping to the continent in March 1678–9. His name is in the list of the intended victims of Titus Oates, who frequently mentioned Keynes. In 1680 he was appointed rector of the college at Liège, and three years later provincial of the English province, in succession to John Warner. He held the latter office for six years, being succeeded in 1689 by William Morgan. Dr. Oliver states that he governed the province ‘with singular ability, prudence, and credit.’ The establishment of the jesuit college at the Savoy Hospital in the Strand in 1687, and of the smaller college near the residence of the Bavarian ambassador in the city of London, was effected by Keynes, who also witnessed the destruction of the two colleges at the outbreak of the revolution in 1688. Keynes then withdrew to the continent, and died at Watten, near St. Omer, on 15 May 1697, in his seventy-third year.
