it does not follow that this matter is subject alone to the will of the lessee. There is in every lease for the production of oil and gas, where the principal consideration is the payment of royalties, a condition, implied when not expressed, that, when the existence of either oil or gas in paying quantities is found from drilling wells on the leased premises, the lessee should drill such number of wells as in the exercise of sound judgment he may deem reasonably necessary to secure oil or gas for the mutual advantage of the lessor and the lessee. One of the principle reasons is that oil and gas are of a wandering and vagrant character, and this has been recognized by the courts, and oil and gas leases have been construed with reference to this well known characteristic. Hence it becomes necessary for the lessee to use reasonable diligence in exploring the leased premises for oil or gas, and to continue to do so after a well has been brought in, showing the existence of oil or gas in paying quantities, in order to carry into effect the purpose and object of the lease.
Of course, due deference should be given to the judgment of the lessee as operator to determine how many wells should be drilled, but he must use sound judgment in the matter, and cannot act arbitrarily. He must deal with the leased premises so as to promote the interest of both parties, and to protect their mutual interests. He must act for the mutual advantage, and proceed for both of them, and must not consider his own interest wholly, or for the most part. He must perform the contract so as to further the original purpose and intention of the parties.
In White v. Green River Gas Co., 8 Fed. (2d Series) 261, the court held that two wells in five years on about 900 acres of land was not reasonable diligence. This case was relied upon, and cited with approval, in Drummond v. Alphin, supra. Many other illustrative cases are cited in the briefs, but we do not deem it necessary to cite them, or to review them in this opinion.
