cancel the contract in equity, and recover the incidental damages, as was done in the Blair case. Here the lessors elected to proceed in equity to cancel the lease, as the remedy most effectual to protect their interest. This they had the right to do.
Finally, it is contended that the court should not have canceled the lease under the facts proved. We cannot agree with counsel in this contention. It is true, as claimed by them, that the lessors did commence, in 1923, to claim that the lease had been abandoned by the lessee, but it does not appear that this had the effect to prevent the lessee from continuing the exploring of the land for oil and gas. No suits of any character looking to that end were brought by the lessors. On the other hand, they were urging the lessee to proceed with diligence to the exploration of the remaining land for oil or gas. The lease was assignable, and the lessors did nothing to prevent the lessee from assigning the lease to any one. The lease comprised 1,170 acres of land, and oil wells were being brought in on lands in the same neighborhood. Only two wells were drilled upon the entire tract, and only one of them became a producing well. No other drilling operations were even commenced by the lessee. Under these circumstances, we think that the chancery court erred in not cancelling the lease for abandonment by the lessee. The question of abandonment or not is a mixed question of law and fact, and each case must depend upon its own particular facts and circumstances. The intention of the lessee cannot be gathered from any statement of his alone. It must be determined from his intention, as shown by his acts and conduct. When the illusory character of oil and gas is considered, when the danger of oil and gas being drained from the leased premises by wells being drilled on contiguous tracts of land, when the cost of installing drilling machinery is considered, and when all the customary expense incidental to drilling in oil fields are considered together, we are of the opinion that the chancellor erred in not cancelling the whole lease, as requested by appellants;
