FA HSIEN.
4th and 5th Centuries a.d.
[The name in religion of a Chinese Buddhist priest who, in the year a.d. 399, walked from Central China to Central India, then on to Calcutta and Ceylon, and back by sea, finally landing near the modern Kiao-chow. His object was to secure Buddhist texts and images for the purpose of spreading the Law of Buddha in China, and in this he was completely successful. He started with quite a number of companions but came home alone, the others having either turned back or died. In his own words: “I spent six years in travelling from Ch‘ang-an to Central India. I stayed there six years, and took three more to reach Kiao-chow. The countries I passed through numbered rather fewer than thirty. Coming home across the sea, I encountered even more difficulties and dangers; but happily I was accorded the awful protection of our holy Trinity,[1] and was thus preserved in the hour of danger. Therefore I wrote down on bamboo slips and silk what I had done, desiring that worthy men should share this information.” The result was a small work, known as “Record of the Buddhistic Kingdoms.”]
GAYÂ.[2]
FROM this point (Râjagriha) going west four yôjanas,[3] the pilgrims arrived at the city of Gayâ, also a complete waste within its walls. Journeying twenty more li[4] to the south, they arrived at the place where the Bôdhisatva passed six years in self-mortification;[5] it has forests on all sides. From that point going west three li, they arrived at the spot where Buddha entered the water to bathe, and an angel pressed down the branch of a tree to pull him out of the pool. Also, by going two li further north, at a place where the two lay-sisters presented Buddha with congee made with milk, and two li to the north of this is the place where Buddha, sitting on a large stone and facing the east, ate it. The tree and the stone are both still there, the latter being about six feet in length and breadth by over two feet in height. In Central India the climate is equable; trees will live several thousand, and even so much as ten thousand years. From this point going
- ↑ The doctrine of the Trinity was a Buddhist dogma long before it was adopted by the Christian Church. See Chu Hsi, “Taoism and Buddhism.”
- ↑ The scene of General Cunningham’s important Buddist excavations and discoveries.
- ↑ In popular language, the yôjana may mean a day’s march; also, from five to nine miles.
- ↑ The Chinese li is about one-third of a mile.
- ↑ As a preparation for Buddhahood.
