[h] 3. The following are a few rarer anomalies; in the imperfect Qal יִֽצֲחַק Gn 21 (elsewhere תִּצְחַק, &c., in pause יִצְחָק, cf. § 10 g (c) and § 63 n); וָֽאֵחַר Gn 32 (for וָאֶֽאֱחַר); in the perfect Piʿēl אֶֽחֱרוּ Ju 5 (perhaps primarily for אִֽחֲרוּ; according to Gn 34 אֵֽחֲרוּ would be expected), and similarly יֶחֱֽמַ֫תְנִי ψ 51 for יִחֲֽמַ֫תְנִי; in the imperative Piʿēl קָרַב Ez 37 (cf. above, § 52 n); finally, in the imperative Hiphʿîl הַרְחַק Jb 13 and הַמְעַד ψ 69, in both cases probably influenced by the closing consonant, and by the preference for Pathaḥ in pause (according to § 29 q); without the pause הַרְחֵק Pr 4, &c.; but also הַנְחַת Jo 4.
[i] 4. As infinitive Hithpaʿēl with a suffix we find הִתְיַחְשָׂם Ezr 8, &c., with a firmly closed syllable, also the participle מִתְיַחְשִׂים Neh 7; Baer, however, reads in all these cases, on good authority, הִתְיַֽחֲשָׂם &c.—The quite meaningless Kethîbh ונאשאר Ez 9 (for which the Qerê requires the equally unintelligible וְנֵֽשֲׁאַר) evidently combines two different readings, viz. וְנִשְׁאָר (part. Niph.) and וָֽאֶשָּׁאֵר (imperf. consec.); cf. König, Lehrgebäude, i. p. 266 f.—In יְתָֽאֳרֵ֫הוּ Is 44 (also יְתָֽאֲרֵ֫הוּ in the same verse) an imperfect Pôʿēl appears to be intended by the Masora with an irregular shortening of the ô for יְתֹֽאֲר׳; cf. § 55 b מְלָשְׁנִי ψ 101 Qerê; on the other hand Qimḥi, with whom Delitzsch agrees, explains the form as Piʿēl, with an irregular ־ֳ for ־ֲ, as in the reading אֲלַקֳּטָה Ru 2; cf. § 10 h.
5. A few examples in which א, as middle radical, entirely loses its consonantal value and quiesces in a vowel, will be found in § 73 g.
[a] 1. According to § 22 d, when the last syllable has a vowel incompatible with the guttural (i.e. not an a-sound), two possibilities present themselves, viz. either the regular vowel remains, and the guttural then takes furtive Pathaḥ, or Pathaḥ (in pause Qameṣ) takes its place. More particularly it is to be remarked that—
(a) The unchangeable vowels ־ִי, וֹ, וּ (§ 25 b) are always retained, even under such circumstances; hence inf. abs. Qal שָׁלוֹחַ, part. pass. שָׁלוּחַ, Hiph. הִשְׁלִיחַ, imperf. יַשְׁלִיחַ, part. מַשְׁלִיחַ. So also the less firm ō in the inf. constr. שְׁלֹח is almost always retained: cf., however, שְׁלַח, in close connexion with a substantive, Is 58, and גְּוַע Nu 20. Examples of the infinitive with suffixes are בְּבָרְחֲךָ Gn 35; בְּפִגְעוֹ Nu 35; לְרִבְעָהּ Lv 18, &c.
[b] (b) The imperfect and imperative Qal almost always have ă in the second syllable, sometimes, no doubt, due simply to the influence of the guttural (for a tone-long ō, originally ŭ), but sometimes as being the original vowel, thus יִשְׁלַח, שְׁלַח, &c.; with suffixes יִשְׁלָחֵ֫נִי, שְׁלָחֵ֫נִי, see § 60 c.
- ↑ Verbs ל״ה in which the ה is consonantal obviously belong also to this class, e.g. גָּבַהּ to be high, תָּמַהּ to be astonished, מָהַהּ (only in Hithpalpel) to delay.
