Klamath river, we meet with a number of small, socially incoherent, bands of natives engaged in salmon or trout fishing on the shores of this stream and of its tributaries. Some do not possess any tribal name, or name for their common language, and were in a bulk called Klamath River Indians, in contradistinction to the Klamath Lake Indians, E-ukshikni, on the head of Klamath river. These latter I call here "Klamaths."
Eurok.—The Euroc tribe inhabits both banks of the Klamath river, from its mouth up to the Great Bend at the influx of the Trinity river. The name simply means "down" (down the river), and another name given them by their neighbors, Pohlik, means nearly the same. Their settlements frequently have three or four names. Requa is the village at the mouth of the Klamath river, from which they set out when fishing at sea. The language sounds rough and gutteral; the vowels are surd, and often lost between the consonants, as in mrpr, nose; chlh, chlec, earth; wrh-yenex, child. In conversation, the Eurocs terminate many words by catching sound (-h'-) with a grunt; with other Indians we observe this less frequently. They are of darker complexion than the Cahroks, and in 1870 numbered 2,700 individuals in the short stretch of forty miles along the river.
Weits-pek.—In Schoolcraft we find a vocabulary named after the Indian encampment at Weits-pek, a few miles above the great bend of Klamath river, on the north shore, whose words totally disagree from Eurok, Cahrok, Shasta, or any other neighboring tongue. Palegawonáp is another name for the tribe or its language.
Cahrok.—Cahrok, or Carrook, is not a tribal, but simply a conventional name, meaning "above, upwards" (up the Klamath river, as Eurok means "down," and Modoc—probably—at the head of the river"). The Cahrok tribe extends along Klamath river from Bluff Creek, near Weits-pek, to Indian Creek, a distance of eighty miles. Pehtsik is a local name for a part of the Cahroks; another section of them, living at the junction of Klamath and Salmon (or Quoratem) rivers, go by the name of Ehnek. Stephen Powers thinks that the Cahroks are probably the finest tribe in California; that their language much resembles the Spanish in utterance, and is not so guttural as the Euroc. In Schoolcraft we find vocabularies from both tribes.
Tolewa.—The few words of the Tolewa, or Tahlewah language on Smith river, between Klamath and Rogue rivers, which were given to G. Gibbs by an unreliable Indian from another tribe, show a rough and guttural character, and differ entirely in their radicals from any other language spoken in the neighborhood.
