the subj. has just been mentioned, particularly after הִנֵּה Gen. 24:30 וַוָּבאֹ אֶל־הָאִישׁ וְהִנֵּה עֹמֵד he came to the man, and, behold, he was standing. Gen. 37:15; 38:24, 41:1, 1 S. 30:3, 16, Am. 7:1 Is. 29:8. With גם Gen. 32:7. Occasionally the pron. is omitted anomalously, Jos. 8:6, Ps. 22:29 (he is ruler), Neh. 9:3, 5. In 1 S. 6:3 אַתֶּם has probably dropped out. On ptcp. with general subj. § 108 c.
(b) Owing to the emphasis thrown by the idea and usage of ptcp. on the subj. the latter usually precedes. Gen. 2:10 וְנָהָר יּצֵא and a river went forth; 24:21 וְהָאִישׁ מִשְׁתָּאֵה לָהּ and the man gazed at her, 24:13, 37 (see above in a). This order is usual with הנה and in rel. clauses, 18:17; 24:37; 28:20; 31:43. On the other hand, if emphasis fall on ptcp., and in clauses beginning with כִּי for, that, אִם if, which give prominence to the pred., the ptcp. precedes the subj. Gen. 30:1 וְאִם אַיִן מֵתָה אָנֹֽכִי and if not I die; 3:5 כִּי יֹדֵעַ א׳ for God knoweth, 15:14; 19:13; 25:30; 29:9; 32:12; 41:32. With interrog., Gen. 4:9; 18:17, Nu. 11:29. After אַךְ Jud. 3:24.
(c) The ptcp. does not indicate time its colour in this respect being taken from the connection in which it stands. The pass. ptcp. refers chiefly to the past, though not exclusively. The act. ptcp. is mainly descriptive of something present, i.e. either actually present to the speaker, or present to him in idea, as the fut. instans; or, as in circums. clauses, present to the main action spoken of, though this may be in the past. Gen. 4:10 דְּמֵי אָחִיךָ צֹֽעֲקִים thy brother’s blood crieth. Gen. 19:13, 14 כִּי מַשְׁחִיתִים אֲנַחְנוּ for we are destroying (going to des.) 1 S. 1:12 she prayed long וְעֵלִי שֹׁמֵר אֶת־פִּיהָ Eli watching her mouth. See exx. in Rem. 1.
(d) Owing to its nominal character the ptcp. is negatived by אַיִן. The place of the neg. varies. Gen. 41:8 אֵין פּוֹתֵר
