causative.
§66. ကြောင့်, because, on account of, from အကြောင်း a cause or reason, is used with simple nouns, as အပြစ်ကြောင့်, because of the fault; but its great use is in connection with verbs used substantively, as အပြစ်ရှိသော့ကြောင့်, because of the fault. (See verbs used substantively, §122.) မို့ is equivalent to ကြောင့် but seldom used in writing.
instrumentive.
§67. ဖြင့်, by, with, by means of, as လက်ဖြင့်ကိုင်သည်, to hold with the hand, is the proper instrumentive affix; but it is more frequently superceded by the connective affix နှင့်, as လက်နှင့်ကိုင်သည်, of the same import; or used in connection with the secondary noun အား, in the sense of means, literally strength. (See secondary nouns, §74.)
connective.
§68, The connective affix နှင့် signifies 1st, with, together with, as လူနှင့်လိုက်သည်, to follow with the man. In this sense it is much used with the secondary nouns အတူ, အညီ, &c. (See secondary nouns, §74.)
2d. It supplies the place of the copulative conjunction and between nouns, as ရွှေနှင့်ငွေကိုရှာသည် to seek gold and silver.
3d. It is frequently used for the instrumentive affix ဖြင့်, as stated above.
locative.
§69. တွင်, ၌, and မှာ, are locative affixes, signifying in, at, among, as အိမ်တွင်, အိမ်၌, အိမ်မှာ, in the house. They sometimes have a possessive import, as ငါ၌ဥစ္စာများသည်, the goods with me (or my goods) are many.
မှာ, like the nominative affixes ကား, မူကား, &c., frequently signifies as to, concerning, in regard to.
ဝယ် signifies in, but is commonly restricted to nouns of place and time.
