990
SHERIDAN.
Mr. Lowe was one of the moat strenuous opponents of the Beform Bill, and a collected edition of his speeches on the question appeared in 1867. In Dec, 1868, he was elected the first representative in the House of Commons of the Uni- versity of London, and in the same month, on the formation of Mr. Gladstone's administration, he was appointed Chancellor of the Exche- quer and a member of the Council on Education. He resigned the Chancellorship of the Exchequer in Aug., 1873, and was appointed to succeed Mr. Bruce at the Home Office. At the same time Mr. Glad- stone assumed the Chancellorship of the Exchequer, in addition to his office of First Lord of the Treasury. Mr. Lowe of course went out of office with his party in Feb., 1874-. On the return of the Liberals to office, in May, 1880, he was raised to the peerage by the title of Viscount Sherbrooke. He was created hono- rary LL.D. of Edinburgh in 1867, and honorary D.C.L. of Oxford in 1870. He married, in 1836, Geor- giana, second daughter of Mr. George Orred, of Aigburth House, Liverpool.
SHERIDAN, Gen. Philip Hbnbt, born in Somerset, Ohio, March 6, 1831. He graduated at the Military Academy at West Point in 1853, and served on frontier duty in Texas for nearly two years, and in Oregon from 1855 to 1861. At the commencement of the civil war he was appointed Quartermaster of the Army of South-Western Mis- souri, and in April, 1862, Chief Quartermaster of the Western De- partment. In May, 1862, he was appointed Colonel of the 2nd Michigan Volunteer Cavalry, was commissioned Brig. -General of Vo- lunteers, July 1, 1862, and, after a brief i)eriod, was put in command of the 11th Division of the Army of Ohio. He commanded a division in the Army of the Cumberland j and, at the battle of Stone River, Dec. 31, 1862, saved the army from rout
by his stubborn resistance. For his gaUant conduct he was promoted to be MajcMT-General of Volunteers. In April, 1864, he was called to the Army of the Potomac by General Grant, put in command of the Cavalry Corps, and within the months of May, June, and July, besides protecting the flanks of the army and reconnoitring the enemy's position, was successfully engaged in eighteen distinct actions. On the 4th of Aug., 1864, he was put in command of the Army of the Shenandoah, and soon after of the Middle Military Division, where he gained several successes over Gene- ral Early, for which he was made a Brig.-General of the United States army, and in Nov. following was made Maior-General. He joined General Grant's Army at City Point, from whence he started, March 25, 1865, to strike the final blow for tiie overthrow of General Lee's Army of Northern Virginia. He fought the battie of Dinwiddie Court House, March 31, and that of Five Forks, which necessitated Lee's evacuation of Richmond and Petersbnrg, April 1, and as the Army of Northern Virginia fled, he constantly attacked and harassed them, and compelled their surren- der at Appomattox Court House, April 9, 1865. He was aligned to the command of the Military Divi- sion of the South-west, June 3, and of that of the Gulf, June 17, 1865. Under a new reorganization of the Military Districts and Departments, he was assigned to the Department of the Gulf, Aug. 15, 1866, and in March, 1867, to the fifth Military District (Louisiana and Texas). President Johnson being displ^^sed with his administration, transferred him, Sept. 12, 1867, to the Depart- ment 01 the Missouri, where he continued until March, 1869, when, by the promotion of Sherman, he became Lieutenant-General, and assumed command of Western and South-western Military Divisions, with his head-quarters at Chicago.
