SHERMAN— SHIPLEY.
991
SHERMAN, Gen. William Tecumseh, born at Lancaster, Ohio, Feb. 18, 1820. He graduated at the Military Academy at West Point in 1840, served in the Flo- rida War, in the war with Mexico, and elsewhere, until 1853, when he resigned his commission. Daring the next four years he was a banker in San Francisco ; and for the suc- ceeding two years a lawyer at Leavenworth, Kansas. In 1859 he was appointed Superintendent of the Louisiana Military Academy, but resigned in Jan., 1861, when the State seceded from the Union. When the civil war commenced, he was commissioned as Colonel of a regiment of infantry, and com- manded a brigade of volunteers at the battle of Bull Run, and was made Brigadier-General of Volun- teers. He received his commission as Brigadier-General in the regular army in July, 1863. In Oct., 1863, he succeeded General Ghrant as commander of the department of the Tennessee. In March, 1864, when Grant was made Lieutenant- General, Sherman succeeded him as commander of the military divi- sion of the Mississippi, and organ- ized an effective army of 100,000 men to operate against Gen. J. E. Johnston. On May 2, 1864, simul- taneously with the advance of Gen. Grant in the East, Sherman entered on the invasion of Georgia, and after a number of battles, re- ceived the capitulation of Atlanta, Sept. 2, 186 4. On Nov. 14, having sent about two-fifths of his force, imder General Thomas, to repel General Hood's movement into Tennessee, he marched southward to the sea, with a force of 60,000 men, in less than a month passing over about 300 miles with his army, without any resistance, till he reached Fort McAllister, below Savannah, which he captured after a brief action Dec. 13, Savannah surrendering Dec. 21, 1864. He fought two battles in North Carolina, Sto,rch 16 and 20-21, 1865, occupied Golds-
boro*, March 22, captured Raleigh, April 13, and received General Johnston's surrender, April 26, 1865, upon the same terms as had been accorded to the army under General Lee. The surrender vir- tually included all the Confederate forces in the field, and brought the war of secession to a close. General Sherman had been made a Major- General in the United States Army, Aug. 12, 1864, for his Atlanta cam- paign, and after the close of the war continued in command of the Military Division of the Missis- sippi for more than a year. On July 25, 1866, General Grant having been promoted to be General of the Army, General Sherman was ad- vanced to be Lieutenant-General and assigned to the command of the Military Division of the Missis- sippi. On the accession of Gen. Grant to the Presidency, March, 1869, Sherman was made General of the Army. In 1871 and 1872 he travelled in Europe and the East, and returning to America made his head-quarters at Washington. In 1874 he removed them to St. Loxiis, but they were afterwards once more at Washington. The obligatory retirement of General Sherman from the command of the Army took place on Nov. 1, 1883. He has published a full " Narrative of his Military Operations," 1876.
SHIPLEY, Orbt, M.A., was bom July 1, 1832, at Twyford House, in the county of Southamp- ton, and educated at Jesus College, Cambridge. For twenty - three years he worked as a clergyman of the Church of England ; and . on Oct. 26, 1878, was received into the Roman Catholic Church. He is the editor, prior to 1878, of many ascetic and devotional works, trans- lated from Catholic sources ; of three volumes of religious poetry from all sources, " Lyra Encharis- tica," *' Messianica," and "Mys- tica;" and of several volumes of essays, by various authors, "The Church and the World," " Tracts
