Page:NIOSH Hazard review of Carbonless Copy Paper.pdf/76

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Table 4–3(Continued). Summary of cross-sectional studies that used questionnaires to assess the health effects of indoor air contaminants in general or CCP specifically

	Study	Country	Methods	CCP-exposed workers			Results
				Number responding to survey[1]	Workers with complaints
					Number	%
	Göthe et al. 1981 and Norbäck et al. 1983b	Sweden	Authors described complaints from handling CCP, ordinary bond paper, or carbon paper; used a comparison group of 22.	Unknown	58	Unknown	The prevalence of mucous membrane symptoms (P<0.01) was greater with CCP than with ordinary bond or carbon paper.
	Kolmodin-Hedman et al. 1981	Sweden	Authors surveyed the following:				Laboratory workers handled >1,000 CCP sheets/day compared with insurance workers handling fewer sheets (unspecified no.) and office controls who handled no CCP. Symptom prevalence: 92%, 32%, and 10%, respectively.
			Insurance workers	145	46	32
			Hospital laboratory workers	12	11	92
			Hospital office workers (controls)	20	2	10
	Kleinman and Horstman 1982	United States	Authors surveyed workers in 61 U. of Washington offices with heavy CCP use. Subjects were asked about symptoms caused by CCP; respondents had a physical examination.	265	71	27	Significant dose-response relationship reported between CCP use and health complaints. Estimated minimum rate of complaints across different offices was 11%.

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See footnotes at end of table.

1. The number of CCP-exposed workers surveyed was not generally known except for those responding to the surveys; therefore, response rates were unknown.