| 13.2 | Agriculture in the LEM Ecozone | 133 |
| 13.3 | Agriculture in the Fresh-water Ecozone. | 139 |
| 13.4 | Agriculture in the Brackish-water Ecozone | 142 |
| 13.5 | Agriculture and the Barrier-Island Ecozone | 143 |
| 13.6 | A Summary of Agricultural Resources in the Niger Delta. | 145 |
| 14 | RESOURCES OF THE NIGER DELTA: MINERALS | 146 |
| 14.1 | Mining in the Niger Delta | 146 |
| 14.2 | Oil Mining in the Niger Delta: the Moral Issue | 147 |
| 14.3 | Oil Geology and Production | 148 |
| 14.4 | The National Importance of Oil In Nigeria | 153 |
| 14.5 | International Importance of Nigerian Oil | 153 |
| 14.6 | Natural Gas | 154 |
| 14.7 | Sand | 157 |
| 14.8 | Soil and Clay | 158 |
| 14.9 | Periwinkle Shells | 158 |
| 14.10 | Salt | 158 |
| 15 | THE ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT OF THE OIL INDUSTRY ON THE NIGER DELTA | 159 |
| 15.1 | The Nature of Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) | 159 |
| 15.2 | The Potential Adverse Environmental Impact of the Oil Industry | 163 |
| 15.3 | The Actual Adverse Environmental Impact of the Oil Industry | 165 |
| 15.4 | Common Impacts | 171 |
| 15.5 | Specific Impacts | 177 |
| 15.6 | The Economic Costs of Oil Production in the Niger Delta | 186 |
| 16 | THE HUMAN ECOSYSTEMS: INTRODUCTION | 189 |
| 16.1 | The Human Landscape | 189 |
| 16.2 | The Natural Ecozones of the Niger Delta | 190 |
| 16.3 | The Human Economic Impact | 190 |
| 16.4 | Society | 193 |
| 16.5 | The Resulting Human Landscape | 196 |
| 17 | THE HUMAN ECOSYSTEMS: THE BOTEM-TAI DISTRICT | 198 |
| 17.1 | Location | 198 |
| 17.2 | Topography | 198 |
| 17.3 | The Soils | 199 |
| 17.4 | The Natural Ecosystem | 199 |
| 17.5 | Natural and Viable Society | 200 |
| 17.6 | Modern Society | 201 |
| 17.7 | The Economy | 202 |
| 17.8 | The Environment as seen by Local People | 205 |
| 17.9 | Social and Political Status | 206 |
| 17.10 | Addendum: Shell in Ogoni | 207 |
| 18 | THE HUMAN ECOSYSTEMS: THE ANYAMA DISTRICT | 209 |
| 18.1 | Location | 209 |
| 18.2 | Topography | 209 |
| 18.3 | Soils | 210 |
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