678 INDEX Hunt, George W., Railroadman, see Chapter XVI. Hutchison, Dr. Woods, got his start in Port- land, 541. Ignorance of Oregon, in public men, 144. Illiteracy, the menace of, 405, 569, 570. Indian, An, the first man to cross the con- tinent, 38. Indians, origin of, 64%; numbers of in Old Oregon, 67; how managed by the Hudson Bay Co., 69, 78; and the land question, 73- 75; at the Walla Walla Council, 74; their title to the lands, opinion of Judge Story, 75; the great council at Fort Simcoe, 76; the Flathead Mission, 79; Missionaries to, 80; their reverence for religious teachers, 86; decides to fight the white man, 86; not trusted by John McLoughlin, 87; Chinook, language of, 88; no Indian wars during rule of Dr. John McLoughlin, 187; Indian wars, 568, 569; representative Indians, photo, 569. Initiative and Referendum laws, votes on, 564. Iron, manufacture of, commenced at Port- land, 244. Jefferson, Thomas, the Westward Colonizer, 49; his great anxiety to annex territory of Louisiana, 53 to 55; organizes the Lewis and Clark Expedition before securing Louisiana, 55%; his ideas of territorial ex- tension, 147. Johnson, William, a naval hero who claimed the first land now within the city limits, 204. Joint occupancy with England, 105. Joseph, Chief, the great Indian of the region of Old Oregon, 569. Judges, non-partisan movement for, 563. Juvenile Court, 471. Kamm, Jacob, stands first in steamboat de- velopment, 212; photo of, 259; his steam- ship "George Wright," and other boats, 279. Kelley, Hall J., 100; his great work for Oregon, 149-151. Kelly, James K., Legislator, United States Senator, Chief Justice of Supreme Court, and law maker, 558. Koehler, Richard, his work on the Oregon railroad system, 300. Labor Unions, 627. Ladd, William S., 213; first banker, 514. Land, the question with the Indians, 73. Land titles to the town site, 221. Lane, Joseph, first Governor under U. S. authority, 233. Lambert, J. H., produced "Lambert" cherry, 357 photo of, 241. La Salle, explored the Great river to its mouth, 34, 35%; death of, 35; his claims for France, 34; the "lion-hearted," 33; dis- covers the Mississippi river, 32. Lausanne, The Ship, 652. Law, evolution of in Oregon, 547. Laws and judges at Portland, 549. Lawyers that laid foundations, 545; none in first organization of government in Oregon, 545; in Provisional government, 546%; the first lawyer in Oregon-A. L. Lovejoy, 547; the production of Code laws, 548. Lawmakers, The, 557. Lease, Jacob P., brought first sheep to Oregon, 349. Ledyard, John, sent across Russia by Thomas Jefferson to reach and explore Oregon in 1786, 52. Lee, Jason, 81, 99; sketch of, by Mr. John Gill, 157. Legislation, direct, by the people, 563, 564; movement for, started in the United States at Milwaukie, suburb of Portland, 565; votes on by the people in 1904 to 1908, 564. Lewis, C. H., 213. Lewis, Merriwether, Capt., 56. Lewis and Clark Expedition, organized be- fore Louisiana transferred, 55; starts for Oregon, 56; winters on the Missouri river, 57; reaches Oregon, 58. Lewis and Clark Exposition, 584; father of it, Daniel McAllen, 584; the four men that assured its possibility, 585; ground plan and buildings of, 586-588; events leading up to it, chronology of, 587; the size of it, 580. Library, City's Public. 404. Life Insurance in Oregon, 531. Lindsley, Rev. Aaron Ladner, 441. Lisa, Manuel, reaches head of Snake river in 1808. Live Stock at Portland market, 363. Logan, David, brilliant lawyer, 551. Lord, William P., lawyer, jurist, foreign minister and Code maker, 558. Lovejoy, Amos Lawrence, the first lawyer in Oregon, and first man to propose a town on Portland townsite, 199, 547. Louisiana, purchase of, the greatest land pur- chase in all history, 56. Lownsdale, Daniel H., 208. Lownsdale, Millard O., his work for better fruit, 355. Lucas, John Baptist Charles, secret agent of President Jefferson to St. Louis and New Orleans in 1801, 53; portrait of, 43. Lucier, Ettienne, opened first farm in Oregon on East Portland townsite, 206, 347. Luelling, Henderson, brought first grafted fruit trees to Oregon in 1847, 351. Luelling, Seth, planted first prune orchard in Oregon, 353. Lumbering at Portland, 329; ships engaged in carrying, 330; vast importance of the in- dustry. 332, 614. Lutheran Church, 421, 424. Lyman, Horace, Sr., first Congregational minister at Portland, 414. Lyman, Horace, Jr., historian, 596. MacKenzie, Alexander, first white man to cross the Rocky Mountains to the Pacific Ocean, 38; proved non-existence of the Strait of Anian, 38, 39. Macleay, Donald, donates great park to city, 544. Mail service to and in Oregon, 255; present service, 257.
