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(b) Articles or papers prepared for the United Nations under a special service agreement are covered by the terms of the agreement, which typically includes a clause stipulating that all rights of whatsoever nature in the material produced are vested exclusively in the United Nations. Where this is the case, the United Nations is entitled to withhold permission to publish, and the author's request should be referred to the Secretary of the Publications Board;
(c) Articles or papers prepared by staff members for inclusion in a United Nations publication, or as a contribution to a conference or seminar, are covered by the terms of staff rule 112.7, which provides: "All rights, including title, copyright and patent rights, in any work performed by a staff member as part of his or her official duties shall be vested in the United Nations."
G. External publications based on material provided by the United Nations
15. Publications issued by outside firms or organizations by arrangement with the United Nations and being the literary property of the United Nations should be copyrighted in the name of the United Nations. The outside publisher is normally given publication rights in consideration of the United Nations receiving royalties and a given number of free or reduced-price copies, negotiated on behalf of the Organization by the External Publications Officer in consultation with a representative of the Office of Legal Affairs.
H. Use of copyrighted materials in United Nations publications and documents
16. Staff members responsible for the drafting of United Nations publications and documents must bear in mind the obligation to acknowledge the source of any material used therein, whether in the form of a paraphrase, summary or direct quotation. If copyrighted material is to be reproduced, the authorization of the owner of the copyright - publisher and/or author - may have to be obtained and acknowledged. Authorization must generally be obtained for the reproduction of a drawing, diagram, photograph or the like and of texts of substantial length (for the United Kingdom, over 400 words) and that authorization should be sought and retained on file by the author department.
III. PROCEDURES FOR COPYRIGHTING UNITED NATIONS PUBLICATIONS
17. The procedure for copyrighting United Nations publications is the following:
(a) The decision to copyright a United Nations publication will be taken by the Publications Board; the manuscript will then be sent to the Office for Legal Affairs for clearance to proceed with the copyright registration;
(b) The Director of the Publishing Division will be responsible for the actions indicated in paragraph 18 ensuring that the requisite copyright notice is inserted in the [work; that, in agreement][illegible] with the Sales Section,
the date of publication is set in accordance with paragraph 17 and that no copies of the
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