AREA AND POPULATION.
447
Rhoden and Inner Rhoden, or Exterior and Interior ; and Unterwald into Obwald and Nidwald, or Upper and Lower; but their union is preserved by each of the moieties sending one member to the State Council, so that there are two members to the divided as well as the undivided cantons.
A general census of the population of Switzerland is taken every ten years. At the last, of Dec. 10, 1860, the people numbered 2,510,494 souls, of whom 1,236,363 were males and 1,274,131 females. The area of the republic at the same date was 41,418 square kilometres, or 15,233 English square miles, giving an average density of population of 81 per English square mile.
The following table gives the area, population, and density of population of each of the 22 cantons, in order of size, according to the census returns : —
Cantons
Area
Eng. sq. miles
Population
Population per Eng. sq. mile
GrauLunden (Grisons)
2,968-0
90,713
302
Bern
2,561-5
467,141
178-8
WaHis (Valais)
1,661-6
90,792
50-5
Vaud (Waadt)
1,181-9
213,157
168-8
Tessin (Ticino)
1,034-7
116,343
113-8
St. Gall .
7477
180,411
228-2
Zurich .
685-3
266,265
365-8
Luzern .
587-4
130,504
226-1
Fribourg
563-9
105.523
177-1
Aargau .
502-4
194,208
397-7
Uri . . .
420-8
14.741
34-4
Schwyz .
338-3
45,039
130-5
Neuchatel (NeuenLurg)
280-2
44,149
252-5
Glarus .
279-8
33,363
107-9
Thurgau .
268-3
90,080
368-6
Unterwald
262-8
24,902
95-6
Solothurn (Soleure)
254-6
69.263
273-6
Basel .
184-6
92,265
4 20-2
Appenzell
152-8
60,431
359-3
Sehaffhausen .
119-7
35,500
294-9
Geneve (Genf )
91-3
82.876
702-5
Zug . .
85-4
19,608
204-4
Total
15,233-0
2,510,494 j
81-0
The population of the republic is formed by three nationalities distinct by their language as German, French, and Italian, but the first constituting the great majority. The German language is spoken by the majority of inhabitants in sixteen cantons, the French in four, and the Italian in two. It is calculated that 702 out of every thousand inhabitants speak German, 226 French, and 72 Italian.
