898
RUMANIA
Revenue Expenditure
1892-93
Lei
1893-94
Le'i
1894-95
1895-96
1897-98
Lei I Lei Lei
■182,095,596 219,597, 3361199, 620,405i202,507,632i210,591, 020 178,532, 004,199,261, 159|209,985,905 216,560,5671217,335,486
The budget estimates for 1898-99 were : revenue 222,095,000 lei ; expendi- ture the same. For 1899-1900 the estimates were as follows :—
Revenue.
Direct taxes . Indirect ,, . State monopolies Ministries : —
Agriculture, &c,
Public Works
Interior
Finance
War .
Instruction and
Foreign Affairs
Justice Various
Total .
Lei . 34,110,000 . 70,290,000 . 53,965,000
. 24,718,000
. 16,492,000
. 11,107,000
4,590,000
803,000
Worship 229,000
236,000
380,000
. 11,456,000
228,376,000
Expenditure.
Lei
Public Debt . . . 85,757,480
Council of Ministers . 71,300 Ministries : —
War. . . . 45,930,325
Finance . . . 27,421,167 Worship and Public
Instruction . . 28,368,709
Interior . . . 18,507,465
Public Works . . 5,682,070
Justice . , . 6,672,676
Agriculture, &c. . 6,939,490
Foreign Affairs . 1,796,660
Supplementary credit . 1,227,658
Total. . . 228,375,000
The public debt of Rumania amounted on April 1, 1898, to 1,224,849,525 lei. Of the total amount more than half has been contracted for public works, mainly railways. The remainder has been contracted to cover deticits, reduce unfunded debt, and pay otf peasant freeholds. For 1898-99 the service of the debt (interest, amortization, pensions, &c.) was estimated at 70,910,178 lei.
Defence.
The entire military strength of Rumania consists of the Active Army, divided into Permanent and Territorial, each with its reserve ; the Militia and the levee en masse. Every Rumanian from his 21st to his 46th year is liable to military service. He must enter (as decided by lot) either the permanent army for 3 years of active service, the territorial infantry for 5 years of active service, or the territorial cavalry for 4 years of active service, and afterwards, till the age of 30, serve in the reserve .of the army to which he belongs. Every retired ofiiccr must serve in the reserve till the age of 37. From their 30th to their 36th year conscrijits and all young men who have not been conscripts, belong to the militia, and from the 36th to the 46th year to the Gloata or levee en masse. The army is also kept up to its strength by the enlistment of volunteers and the re-enlistment of men in the reserve.
According to the organisation in force the army consists of Infantry : 6 battalions of rilies or chasseurs ; 34 regiments of infantry (Dorobantzi), of 3 battalions each, 1 permanent, 2 territorial, and 1 platoon not in the ranks ; Cavalry: 6 rcginicnts of hussars (Roshiori) ; 11 regiments of light cavalry (Calarashi), of which 2 consist of 4 permanent squadrons and 1 territorial, and 9 consist of 1 permanent squadron and 4 territorial ; Gendarmerie : 2 com- panies on foot, and 3 squadrons mounted ; Artillery ; 12 regiments of field
