INSTRUCTION
919
The high and middle schools of tho Empire (exclusive of Finlaml) are given in the subjoined tahlc, but they are incomplete : —
—
Number
Teaching Stair
Pupils and Students
Universities (incomplete) Special high seliools .... Ladies' universities .... Theological academies ....
Medical
Military academies .... Agricultural academies .... Engineering and Mining ....
Total high schools ....
Normal schools
Normal seminaries with practi(\Tl schools ......
Gymnasia and progymnasia
Realschulen ......
Technical and professional
Theological seminaries ....
Military and naval schools
Total middle-class schools for boys
Girls' gymnasia and progymnasia ,, institutes .....
Total middle-class schools for girls
9
17 1 7 2 5 3 7
923
190
126
16,326
4,530 557 900 760
1,227 412 507
53
I 78
236
106
44
55
113
822
2,815 1,403
1,054
25,219
5,586
68,682 18,827 4,769 17,246 21,109
136,219
70,174 7,911
631
343 30
373
—
78,085
Finland has a university of its own (see Finland). Nearly 4,000 students are either supported by bursaries or dispensed from paying fees.
The expenses for the middle schools arecontrilmtetUiy the State Exchequer to the amount of 25 per cent, of the aggregate expenditure for the gymnasia, progymnasia, and technical schools, the remainder being made up by fees (about 30 per cent.) and by donations of the zrmstvos, the municipalities, and .so on. The Cossack schools are maintained by the separate voiskos, which, moreover, maintain a number of their pupils in the governmental .schools. The Church contrilmted in 1890 the .^um of 1,389,000 roubles, the costs for the schools under the Holy Synod being paid by either the Exchequer or the zrmstvos and the village communities.
The education in Caucasia appeared as follows, according to the official report for 1896, i.ssued by the School Administration : — There were 22 ly- ceums, gymnasia, and Realschulen, 1 teachers' institute, 5 normal schools, 18 lyceums and gymnasia for girLs, with a total of 16,450 pupils (9,033 boys, 7,417 girls) ; 38 town .schools (8,639 pupils), 9 professional and 3 naval schools (937 pupils), u schools for Mountaineers (546 boys) ; 3 girls' schools (588 girls) ; 101
