JUSTICE AND (.'RLMi:
1)21
Districts
Schools
Teachers
Pupils
Schools supported by
Local authori-
Imperial
Private
Treasury
ties
persons
St. Peteisbmg .
2,28:5
5,217
143,465
419
1,805
59
Moscow
G,490
10,253
481,362
346
5.922
228
Kharkhov
3,527
8,435
273,019
78
2,786
9
Kiev ....
2,.i75
6,620
' 196,312
102
2,436
37
Odessa
2,591
5,303
196,071
450
2,124
17
Ka.sau
3,346
7,278
284,260
207
3,121
18
Orenburg
1,411
3,615
102,179
265
1,112
34
Wilna.
1,(572
3.288
117,8!t4
463
1,208
1
Warsaw
3,02(3
3,729
206,973
98
2,899
29
Riga ....
2,690
4,081
136,635
77
2,601
12
Caucasus
1,125
2,772
88,643
95
1,022
S
W. Siberia .
139
438
33,279
31
106
2
E. Siberia .
200
335
10,507
10
171
19
Turkestan .
105
209
4,305
45
60
—
Amur .... Total
408
—
14,418
40S
—
—
31,594
67,582
2,289,322
3,094
27,373
473
In 1896 there were 78 training schools for teachers with 5,233 piipil.s (4,867 male and 366 female). To the support of these school.s the Imperial Treasury contributed 1,270,865 roubles; local authorities, 181,484 roubles; and private persons, 43,328 roubles.
The Press. — There were pul)lished in the Russian Empire (exclusive of Finland) in 1894 10,651 books, with an aggregate of 32,208,372 copies. Of these there were in Russian 8,082 works. 25,046,592 copies, the remainder being in different languages, the relative proportions being as follows in 1889:— in Polish 723 works, 1,836,088 copies; Hebrew 474 works, 1,132,192 copies; German 377 works, 744,380 copies; Lettish 203 works, 767,570 copies ; Esthonian 115 works, 544,410 copies.
Periodicals numbered 743 in 1892 (exclusive of Finland), in the following languages : 589 in Russian, 69 in Polish, 44 in German, 11 in Esthonian, 7 in Lettish, 9 in French, 5 in Armenian, 2 in Jewish, 3 in Georgian, 1 in Finnish, 2 in Russian, German, and Polish, 1 in Russian, German, and Lettish, 1 in Tartar and Russian, 1 in Russian and Turkish, and 1 in Russian and French. In Tiflis, there were 12 periodicals : 4 Russian (7,600 copies), 3 Georgian (1,740 copies), and 5 Armenian (3,850 copies). By the end of 1894 the number of periodicals was 802 (dailies, 112 ; several times a week, 101 ; weeklies, 223 ; fortnightly and monthly, 280 ; several times a year, 86).
Justice and Crime.
The organisation of justice was totally reformed by the law of 1864 ; but the action of that law has not yet been extended to the governments of Olonets, Vologda, Astrakhan, Ufa, and Orenburg, and has been applied but in a modified form (in 1889) to the Baltic Provinces and the government of Arkhangelsk. In the above-named governments the Jiistice of Peace has been introduced, but the other tribunals remain in the old state. No juries are allowed in Poland and the Caucasus ; the justices of peace are nominated by the Government in the provinces which have no zcmslxos.
