COMMERCE
599
having been then incorporated. Included in the Zollverein are also the Grand Duchy of Luxemburg and the Austrian communes of Jungholz and Mittelberg. A few districts in Prussia (2,362 inhabitants), in Baden (3,805 inhabitants), in Bremen (659 inhabitants), in Hamburg (6,235 inhabitants in 1895), remain still unincluded. Population of the entire Zollgebiet in 1895, 52,485,807.
The following table shows (in thousands of marks) the special trade for six years : —
Years
Imijorts
Exijorts
Years
Imports
Exports
1892 1893 1894
4,227,004 4,134,070 4,285,533
3,150,104 3,244,562 3,051,480
1805 1896 1897
4,246,111 4,557,951 4,864,644
3,424,076 8,753,822 3,786,241
The following are the principal details of the special commerce for 1896 and 1897 :—
—
1896
1897
Imports in
Exports in
Imports in
Exports in
1,000 marksll.OOO marks
1,000 marks 180,444
1,000 marks
Living animals
157,749
23,951
23,210
Animal products
117,498
26,361
153,064
31,300
Articles of consumption .
1,324,266
426,752
1,434,261
492,447
Seeds and plants
53,237
32,500
44,343
27,882
Fuel
116,854
165,157
130,375
177,972
Fats and oils ....
245,395
31,656
236,602
30,861
Raw and manufactured ma-
terials : —
Chemicals, drugs, &c.
284,225
360,743
285,109
358,581
Stone, clay, and glass
64,014
155,005
68,756
151,089
^letals and metal wares
471,500
658,929
455,316
585,912
Wooden wares .
274,173
124,550
382,269
147,159
Paper goods
21,776
106,985
23,630
105,786
Leather, &c.
211,353
216,480
236,461
230,500
Textiles ....
1,040.828
957,422
1,033,546
917,117
Caoutchouc, &c.
45,639
31,916
49,763
37,483
Machinery, instniments, &c .
69,888
212,656
86,335
230,551
Hardware, &c. ...
18,495
100,854
20,965
109,948
Literature, art, &c.
41,061
120,727
43,405
127,549
Various
Total ....
—
1,178
—
894 3,786,241
4,557,951
3,753,822
4,864,644
In Germany, the average value of each article is fixed annually, under the direction of the Imperial Statistical Office, by a commission of experts, who receive information from Chambers of Commerce and other sources. There are separate valuations for imports and exports. The price fixed is that of the goods at the moment of crossing the frontier. For imports the price docs not include Customs duties, cost of transport, insurance, ware-
