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of the diameter, which is three and a half, by the moiety of the circumference, which is eleven. The product is thirty-eight and a half, which is the area. Or you may also multiply the diameter, which is seven, by itself: this is forty-nine; subtracting herefrom one-seventh and half one-seventh, which is ten and a half, there remain thirty-eight and a half, which is the area. Here is the figure:
If some one inquires about the bulk of a pyramidal pillar, its base being four yards by four yards, its height ten yards, and the dimensions at its upper extremity two yards by two yards; then we know already that every pyramid is decreasing towards its top, and that one-third of the area of its basis, multiplied by the height, gives its bulk. The present pyramid has no top. We must therefore seek to ascertain what is wanting in its height to complete the top. We observe, that the proportion of the entire height to the ten, which we have now before us, is equal to the proportion of four to two. Now as two is the moiety of four, ten must likewise be the moiety of the entire height, and the whole height of the pillar must be twenty yards. At present we take one-third of the area of the basis, that is, five and one-third, and multiply it by the length, which is twenty. The product is one hundred (63)
