KUYP LAALAM) 67 in the latter city from 1848, and published, besides other works, Die Lehre vom Menschen (Glogau, 1854) ; Die Reise seiner Icdniglichen Hoheit des Prinzen Waldemar von Preussen nach Indien, 1844-'6 (Berlin, 1857) ; Geogra- phische Bilder (2 vols., 1858); Populare Erd- lildungskunde (Langensalza, 1858) ; Die Welt- geschichte in zusammenhangenden Einzelbildern (3 vols., Berlin, 1858-'9) ; Der illustrirte Eu- lezahl (Hirschberg, 1859) ; DerWeltfahrer Dr. Kane (Leipsic, 1860) ; and Der deutsch-franzd- sische Krieg (2 vols., Leipsic, 1870-'T1). He left in manuscript two volumes of Naturlehre. KUYP, Albert. See CUTP. KWANGSI, or Qnangsi, a S. province of China, bordering on the provinces of Yunnan, Kwei- chow, Hunan, and Kwangtung, and the terri- tory of Tonquin ; area, 78,250 sq. m. ; pop. about 7,000,000. It is watered by branches of the Tao or Si-kiang. Kice is largely produced along the river banks. Gold, silver, and quick- silver are mined. The mountainous character of the province is unfavorable to agriculture, and the. population is less dense than in most other parts of China. Principal town, Wu- chow; capital, Kwelin. KWAMTUNG, the most southerly province of China, bordering on the gulf of Tonquin and the China sea, and the provinces of Fokien, Kiangsi, Hunan, and Kwangsi ; area, 79,456 sq. m. ; pop. about 19,000,000. It is mountainous in the north, but the region near the Tonglong river, the Pe-kiang, and Si-kiang and the sea- coast is among the most fertile in China. The province is the centre of the production of sugar, and among the other products are tea, rice, silk, tobacco, and fruits. Lacquered wares, cotton and silk goods, and other articles are largely manufactured. The numerous bays and rivers facilitate commerce, and along the coast are a large number of islands, including that of Hainan. Capital, Canton. KWEICHOW, a S. W. province of China, bor- dering on the provinces of Szechuen, Hunan, Kwangsi, and Yunnan ; area, 64,554 sq. m. ; pop. about 5,000,000. It is rough and moun- tainous, and is one of the poorest parts of China. Cereals, rice, tobacco, cassia, and tim- ber are produced ; also copper, iron, lead, and quicksilver. The largest river is the Wu, a tributary of the Yangtse. Capital, Kweiyang. KWICKPAK RIVER. See ALASKA. LTHE 12th letter of the Phoenician and . other Semitic graphic systems (lamed) and of most modern European alphabets, the 23d in Arabic, the 27th in Persian and Turkish, and the llth in Greek (Mppda, the 12th before the dropping of the digamma) and Latin. It is one of the four liquids of grammarians (7, m, n, r), and of the four akshara yavarga (ya, ra, la, va) or semi- vowels in the Devanagari. The sound is produced by placing the tip of the tongue against the upper incisor teeth, while the breath issues at its sides and the larynx vibrates ; and it is hence called a lingui-dental. Priscian attributes to the Latin L three sounds, one full, one middle, and one slender. In Eng- lish, German, and other languages, it has but one sound. The French I mouille (ly uttered with one breath, as in million) is generally ex- pressed by II following i, as in tilleul, but sometimes by I, as in ail, and Ih, as in gentil- homme. The Spanish II always has the mouille sound, even as an initial, and is reckoned as a separate character in the alphabet. It is ex- pressed in Portuguese by Ih, in Italian by gl before i, and in Magyar by ly, in all positions. The Polish, Ruthenic, and Lusato-Vendic barred f is pronounced by pushing and swelling the tongue to the palate, as in Pol. pta8M(Ger.platf), flat. The Welsh II is pronounced with a hissing, as in lldn or IMn (temple), Lloyd, &c., almost as if written fl. Some nations and persons can- not pronounce I, as for instance the Japanese, who use r in its stead, as in Sagarien for Sa- ghalien. The Chinese, on the contrary, unable to .utter r, always substitute I, as in Kilisit for Christ. There was no L in Zend. It is often mute in English before consonants, as in could, calm, half, psalm, &c. (although pronounced in similar positions in all other languages), and when final in some French words, as in baril, outil, sourcil, infils, &c. In words transferred from one language to another, I is often inter- changed with r, n, d, i, or u ; as Eng. pilgrim (Lat. peregrinus), Fr. orme (Lat. ulmus, elm), Lat. lympha (Gr. vv^rj), Ulysses ('Orfwaeff), ltd. fiore, lianco (Lat. flora, Nancus), Dutch goud (gold), &c. As a numeral sign, L denotes 30 in the Semitic (except Ethiopian, where it marks 2), Greek, Russian, Armenian, Cyrillic, and Georgian ; 50 in Latin and Glagolitic (in the former as being a half of the ancient E or 0, centum). A dash above it raises these values to as many thousands. In rubrication it marks 11. In abbreviations it stands for Lucius, Lalius, Lares, libens, libertus, locus, latus, libra (, pound sterling), &c. L. S. stands for locus sigilli, place of the seal ; LL. D. for legum doctor, doctor of laws. On old French coins L stands for Bayonne. LA ALAND, an island in the Baltic belonging to Denmark, lying between lat. 54 38' and 54 58' K, and Ion. 10 58' and 11 53' E.; greatest length 37 m., greatest breadth 17 m. ; area, 460 sq. m. ; pop. in 1870, 62,000. To- gether with Falster and several small islands, it forms the district of Maribo (area, 640 sq. m. ; pop. in 1870, 90,706). The surface of Laaland is low, level, and mostly marshy. The
