TRENCK and his life has been written by Hiibner, un- der the title of Franz von der Trench, darge- stellt von einem Unparteiischen, mit einer Vor- rede von Schubart (3 vols., Stuttgart, 1788). II. Friedrich von der, baron, a German adven- turer, cousin of the preceding, born in Konigs- berg, Feb. 16, 1726, guillotined in Paris, July 25, 1794. He was admitted in 1742 into the body guard of Frederick the Great, and when only 18 years old was selected to instruct the Silesian cavalry. In the campaign of 1744 he served with distinction, acting as the adjutant of Frederick, with whom he became a favor- ite. In his memoirs he says he offended the king by an amour with the princess Amelia, but the story is apparently without founda- tion. In 1745 he again distinguished himself; but having corresponded with his cousin Baron Franz, then in the Austrian service, he was arrested and imprisoned in the fortress of Glatz for more than a year. After several desperate efforts he escaped and went to Vienna, where he got into much trouble and fought several duels. After the peace he was received with much favor at Moscow. His cousin left him his estate, on condition that he should become a Catholic and should serve only the house of Austria. To secure this he went to Vienna in 1750, but after three years of waiting he re- ceived only 63,000 florins. By the Austrian court he was made captain of cavalry. In March, 1754, he made a journey to Dantzic to settle some family affairs, and was there appre- hended by the Prussian authorities, carried to Berlin and thence to Magdeburg, where he was confined in a dungeon in the citadel. He made several desperate efforts to escape, but failed in all of them, and after ten years' imprison- ment, during which he was more and more heavily loaded with irons, he was finally re- leased by order of Frederick in December, 1763, and carried to Prague. Disappointed of preferment at the Austrian court, he retired to Aix-la-Chapelle, married there in 1765, and lived for several years in peace, occupying him- self with literary pursuits. In 1767 appeared his poem Der macedonische Held, which gave him considerable reputation in Germany. He also engaged in the wine trade. From 1774 to 1777 his time was spent chiefly in travelling through England and France. Subsequently he retired to his estate at Zwerbach, spent sev- eral years in agricultural pursuits, and pub- lished a collection of his works and a history of his life. After the death of Frederick in 1786 the confiscation of his estates was annulled, and he was permitted to return to his native coun- try. During the French revolution he went to Paris, where he was arrested by the commit- tee of public safety and put to death on the charge of being a secret emissary of the king of Prussia. His autobiography is very inter- esting, and has still considerable circulation, though it is certain that Trenck was a braggart and a liar, and has immensely exaggerated his adventures. TRENT 857 TRENDELENBURG, Friedrich Adolf, a German philosopher, born at Eutin, near Lubeck, Nov. 30, 1802, died in Berlin, Jan. 24, 1872. In 1826 he graduated in Berlin, where he was private tutor till 1833, and subsequently professor at the university, of which he was three times rec- tor. He was also for over 20 years secretary to the historico-philosophical section of the Berlin academy. He was a follower of Aristotle and an opponent of Hegel. His works include Ele- menta Logices Aristotelicce (Berlin, 1837 ; 6th ed., 1868); Logische Untersuchungen (1840; 3d ed., 1870) ; Geschichte der Kategorienlehre (1846) ; Historische Beitrage zur Philosophie (2d and 3d vols., 1856-'67) ; Naturrecht auf dem Grunde der EthiTc (1860; 2d ed., 1868); Lucken im Volkerrecht (1870) ; Kuno Fischer und sein Kant (1869), which led to Fischer's Anti-Trendelenburg (1870) ; and Kleine Schrif- ten (2 vols., 1871). See Bonitz, Zur Erinne- rung an Friedrich Adolf Trendelenburg (Ber- lin, 1872). TRENT, a river of England, which rises in Staffordshire, 4 m. N. of Burslem, flows through the central part of the country, and near Burton-on-Strather, Lincolnshire, joins the Ouse to form the estuary called the Hum- ber. Its course is first S. E., then N. E., and finally N. Its total length is about 150 m., of which 25 m., as far as Gainsborough, is navi- gable for vessels of 200 tons, and 117m., reach- ing to Burton-on-Trent, for barges of 25 tons. Its chief tributaries on the right are the Sow, Tame, Soar, and Devon, and on the left the Blyth, Dove, and Derwent ; and it is connected with other navigable waters by canals. Stoke and Nottingham are situated on its banks. TRENT (Ital. Trento ; Ger. Trient ; anc. Tridentum), a city of Tyrol, Austria, on the left bank of the Adige, 83 m. S. by W. of Innspruck ; pop. in 1870, 17,073. It is in a beautiful valley, surrounded on the east by mountains, and is Italian in its architecture. It has a cathedral built entirely of marble in the Byzantine style. In the church of Sta. Maria Maggiore, of red marble, are the por- traits of the members of the council of Trent, which was held in that building. The exten- sive castle is generally the residence of the local prince-bishop. Silk is the principal manu- facture ; wine is largely produced ; and there is an active transit trade. The ancient Triden- tum was a town of the Rhaetians, and subse- quently became a Roman colony. Under the old German empire it was a free imperial city, ruled by prince-bishops. In 1802 it passed under the domination of Austria. TRENT, Council of (concilium Tridentinum), the 19th oecumenical council, according to the Roman Catholic church. The first occasion for an oecumenical council in the 16th century was furnished by Luther, who on Nov. 28, 1518, appealed from the bull of Leo X. to a general council, and was supported by the Prot- estant princes. The Catholic sovereigns also desired that a council should be convened.
