SCHANCK
SCHAUFFLER
(1883) ; Historical Account of the Work of the
American Committee of Revision of the English
Version (1885) ; Christ and Christianity (1885) ;
The Teaching of the Twelve Apostles (1885) ;
Church and State in the United States, ivith Offi-
cial Documents (1888) ; The Renaissance (1891) ;
Literature and Poetry (1892) ; Propaedeutic, A
General Introduction to the Study of Tlieology
(1893), and The Reunion of Christendom (1893).
Dr. Schaff was connected with the Presbj-teriau
church. He was one of the most important con-
tributors to theological literature and to the
movement in favor of Christian Union of his
day. He died in New York city, Oct. 20, 1893.
SCHANCK, John Stillwell, educator, was born near Freehold, N.J.. Feb. 24, 1817; son of Rulef R. and Mary (Stillwell) Schanck ; grandson of Major John Stillwell of the Revolutionary army, and a descendant of Rulef Martino Schanck (b. 1619), who came to America in 1650, and died on Lone Island in 1704. His ancestry runs back to the thirteenth century to Reynier Schenck, Baron of Zoulenberg. He prepared for college at Lenox, Mass. His boy- hood interest in science was quickened by assist- ing Prof. Joseph Henry at Princeton. He was graduated from the College of New Jersey, A.B., 1840, A.M., 1843, and from the University of Pennsylvania, M.D., in 1843. He was married, Oct. 20, 1842, to Maria, daughter of James W. and Maria (Egleston) Robbins of Lenox, Mass. He practised medicine in Princeton, N.J., 1843- 65, becoming curator of the college museum and lecturer on zoology in 1847 ; was professor of chemistry, 1857-69 ; of chemistry and natural history, 1869-74 ; of chemistry, 1874-85 ; of chemistry and hygiene, 1885-92, and emeritus professor, 1892-98. He received the degree LL.D., from Lafayette college in 1866. He died at Princeton. N.J., Dec. 16. 1898.
SCHARF, John Thomas, historian, was born in Baltimore. Md., May 1, 1843 ; son of Thomas G. Scharf , a merchant of that city. He left school in 1859 to become a clerk in his father's store, and in 1861 joined the 1st Maryland artillery, taking j^art in the battles on the Peninsula and in the Shen- andoah valley in 1862. He was wounded in the battles of Cedar Mountain, second Bull Run, and Chancellorsville. He transferred his services to the Confederate navy, June 20, 1863, having been appointed midshipman ; and acted under Col. John Taylor Wood, Feb. 1. 1864, in the cap- ture of the steamer Undertcriter, near New- berne. N.C. In February, 1865, he again joined the Confederate artillery, was taken prisoner in Maryland while en route to Canada with dis- patches to the Confederate emissaries, and impris- oned in the Old Capitol of Washington, D.C., until the end of the war, when he resumed business with
his father. He married, Dec. 2, 1869, Mary,
daughter of James McDougall of Baltimore, Md.
He assisted in reorganizing the state militia, and
was a member of the staff of Gov. Oden Bowie with
the rank of colonel, 1869-72. He was admitted
to the bar in 1874, became editor of the Balti-
more Evening Neivs in 1876, and subsequently
an editor on the Telegram, Herald and Sun. He
was a representative in the Maryland legislature
in 1878, commissioner of the land office of Mary-
land, 1884-92, and U.S. commissioner of Chinese
immigration at the port of New York, 1893-97.
He was a member of the executive committee of
the sesqui-centennial celebration of Baltimore
in 1880 ; of the Maryland committee to the Phila-
delphia centennial in 1876 ; associate U.S. com-
missioner from Maryland to U\e World's Cotton
Centennial exposition, New Orleans, La., 1884-85,
and manager of the Maryland exposition in 1889,
and of the Maryland state exhibit at the Col-
umbian exhibition in 1893. He received the
honorary degree A.M. from Georgetown college,
and that of LL.D. in 1885. He was president of
the Bureau of American History, Genealogy and
Heraldry, and in 1891 presented Johns Hopkins
university with his collection of rare Americana.
He is the author of: Chronicles of Baltimore^
Tou'n and City (1874); History of Maryland (3 vols. ,
1879); History of Baltimore, City and County
(1881) ; History of Western Maryland (2 vols.,
1882); History of St. Louis {2 vols., 1884); History
of PhiladeJp)hia (3 vols., 1884); History of West-
chester County, N.Y. (2 vols., 1886); History of
the Confederate States JSIavy from the Layiyig of
the First Keel to the Sinking of the Last Vessel
(1887): History of the State of Delaware (1888);
History of the Natural Resources and Advantages
of Maryland ; and he left in manuscript several
valuable works on subjects connected with the
history of the Southern Confederacy. He died in
New York city, March 28, 1898.
SCHAUFFLER, William Gottlieb, missionary, was born in Stuttgart, Germany. Aug. 23, 1798 ; son of Philip Frederick and Caroline Henrietta (Schuckart) Schauffler. He settled in Odessa, Russia, with his jmrents in 1805, studied music, drawing and French, and learned to make wooden musical instruments, his father's trade, at which he worked, 1812-25. He became interested in religion through the work done by Ignatius Lindl, a Roman Catholic evangelist, and served as an independent missionary under Joseph Wolff, a re- formed Jew, in Turkey in 1826. The same year he came to the United States, where in spite of his poverty he was enabled through his own in- dustry to take a theological course at Andover, where lie was graduated in 1830. He was or- dained, Nov. 14, 1831, and sent by the A. B. C. for F.M. as a missionary to the Jews and Armenians
