jean. Consult Zaceone, Histoire des hagnes (Paris, 1875).
BAG'NET, Mr. and Mrs. Joe. A gallant ex-
avtilU-rvman and liis wife in Dickens's Bleak
House.' They have three children, all named
after the towns at which they were born, Malta,
Quebec, and Woolwich.
BAGNI-DI-LUCCA, ba'nye de luk'ka (It.,
Baths of Lucca ) . A spa much frequented in the
summer, in North Italv, 13 miles northeast of
Lucca (Map: Italy, E 3). There are hot springs
of various tempera'tures from 06° to 133° F. scat-
tered over a limited neighborhood. It consists of
several villa^ies in the cool and shady Valley of
the Lima. The springs number 100, and were
known in the Middle Ages as the Baths of Cor-
sena. Population, in 1881, 9205; in 1901, 12,150.
BAG'NIGGE WELLS. A London picnie-
gronnd in the reign of George II., situated on
Gray's Inn Road, across from the present Meck-
lenburg Square. It was elaborately laid out with
promenades, flower-beds, and shrubbery, and con-
tained a large single-roomed hall for entertain-
ments of various kinds. It originally consisted
of certain baths, founded in ITOS as a rival of
of Baine's cold-bath establishment.
BAGOBO, ba-go'bo. A wild Malay people
living in Dftvas Province, Mindanao. Their
speech is a distinct dialect. See Philippines.
BAG'OT, Sir Charles (1781-1843). An Eng-
lish diplomatist. He became under-secretary of
Btate in 1807; special envoy to France in 1814;
minister plenipotentiai-y to the United States m
1819; ambassador to Russia in 1820, and to Hol-
land in 1824, and special ambassador to Austria
in 1834. He was appointed Oiovernor-General of
Canada in 1842, and died in office.
BAG'PIPE. A wind instrument, which, up to
the Eighteenth Century, was common in almost
every country in Europe, and still continues in
use among the countrv people in Poland, Italy,
Sicily, the south of France, Scotland, etc. It
consists of a leather bag, which the player in-
flates by blowing with his mouth through a tube,
as among the Scotch Highlanders, or by means of
a small "bellows. The music proceeds froni three
or four pipes, whose mouthpieces are inserted
into the bag; the wind being forced out by press-
ing the bag'under the arm. One of the pipes, the
elmvter. is a primitive oboe with eight holes; the
others, called drones, sound each only one con-
tinuous low note. It is certain that the bagpipe
was in use among the Hebrews and Greeks, and
there is enough evidence that in Germany and
elsewhere in Europe it was among the most fa-
vorite instruments in the Fifteenth Century.
Though fallen generally into disuse, with the
growth of musical' refinement, the liagpipe is still
a popular instrument in the Highlands of Scot-
land, and at gatherings of Highlanders, and even
of Lowland Scotcli, in America and other coun-
tries. Pipers in i)roper costume are also at-
tached to the Higliland regiments in England,
and in some instances pipers are retained by
Scottish noblemen to play on festive occasions.
Skill in plaving the bagpipe is promoted by va-
rious Highland societies, which, at periodical
competitions, give prizes to the best players of
pibrochs (q.v.), reels, and other airs.
BAG'EADAS. An eastern Algerian river,
now called Medjerda. Its length is about 200
miles, and it opens into the Gulf of Tunis.
BAGRATIDES, bag'r4-tldz, or PAGRA-
TIDES, pag'ra-tidz. A noble family of Armenia,
descended from the ancient Jews, and converted
to Christianity about the close of the Third Cen-
tury. In 743 they were made hereditary gover-
nors of Armenia by the Caliphs, and in 885 the
first king of the line was crowned. The dynasty
was extinguished in 1079 by the Byzantines. A
line of Bagratides long ruled in Georgia.
BAGRATION, ba-gra'te-6n', Peter Ivano-
viTCii. Prince (17G5-1812). A distinguished
Russian general, descended from the noble family
of the Bagratides of Georgia. He entered the
Russian service in 1782, and was trained under
Suvaroff. In 1788 he was engaged at the storm-
ing of Oczakov, fought in 1792 and 1794 against
the Poles, in 1799 in Italy and Switzerland,
and distinguished himself in the Austro-Russian
War of 1805 against the French, especially in
the sangiiinary engagement of November 10 of
that year at Holhibrun, when, with a small body
of troops, he bravely stood during six hours op-
posed to the superior forces under Murat, and
thus enabled the Russian general, KutusolT, to
reach Znaim with the main army. Subsequently,
Prince Bagration was engaged in the battles of
Austerlitz, Eylau, Heilsberg, and Friedland, and
took part in "the Russian campaign against the
Turks, being defeated in the battle of Tartaritza,
1809. In the campaign of 1812 he commanded
the Second Russian Army of the West, and had
the misfortune to fail in his attack on Davout,
near Mohilev, but succeeded in forming a junc-
tion with the First Army of Smolensk. He was
mortally wounded in the battle of Borodino, and
died on October 7.
BAG'SHOT BEDS (found in Bagshot Heath
in Surrey). A series of sands belonging to the
Middle aiid Upper Eocene of Great BritaiiT. They
rest on the true London clay, but their best de-
velopment is on the Isle of Wight, where a
thickness of at least 060 feet is recorded. Cer-
tain beds of the series are rich in reptilian and
fish remains, as well as in those of moUusks.
BAGSHOT HEATH. A level stretch of
country near the English counties of Surrey and
Berkshire, once the place of many a higliway
robbery, and now used for military manoeuvres.
BAG'STOCK, ]Iajor Joe. A character in
Dickens's Doiiihcy and iS'on. He is fat, purple-
cheeked, martial' of speech, and apoplectic. He
dines with amazing frequency and heartiness
at Mr. Dombey's during that worthy's palmy
days; but after the failure of Dombey and Son
he" severs the acquaintance in words of injured
dignity. He lives opposite Miss Tox, and is not
without an interest in her matrimonial pros-
pects.
BAG'"WORM', or BAS'KET-WORM'. The
caterpillar of a moth (Thyridoitteryx ephcmerw-
formis) common throughout the northern United
States, which spins a silken bag as a protection,
and moves about with it, head downward. It is
enlarged as the larva grows, and at last is fas-
toned to a tree-branch at one end; within this
the caterpillar transforms to pupa, and there the
win>'less female lavs lier eggs. The male is a
fully winged moth', with dark body and light-
