GREENBACK PARTY. 245 GREEN COVE SPRINGS. sumption Bill in 1874 leil to a revival of the givcnback agitation. On November 24, 1874, a convention, national in scope, met at Indianapolis, and advanced three propositions: (1) Tliat the note circulation of State and national banks should be prohibited; ('i) that the only paper currency should be greenbacks, exchangeable on demand for bonds bearing interest at 3.G3 per cent.; (3) that coin should be used to pay only the interest on the national debt and the prin- cipal of bonds expressly payable in coin. The supporters of these views were at first inclined to attach themselves to the Democratic Party; but when it became clear that Tilden would be the nominee of the party, they withdrew and formed the "Independent Party,' more generally known as the Greenback Party. In 1876 they nominated for the Presidency Peter Cooper, of New York, who received 81,737 popular votes, chiefly from the Jliddle West. The labor trou- bles of 1877 led to the formation of numerous local workingmen's parties, which united with the Greenbackers and created the 'National' or Greenback-Labor Party in 1878. In the elections of the same year this party controlled a popular vote of more than a million, and elected fourteen Congressmen. In 1880 the party nominated for President James B. Weaver, of Iowa. He re- ceived a popular vote of 300,867, the number of Greenback-Labor Congressmen being reduced to eight. In 1884 Gen. B. F. Butler was nominated by the Greenbackers, as also by the Anti- Monopolists, and received 175,380 votes. After that year the party ceased to exercise inde- pendent influence, generally becoming merged with the Democrats in the North and the Re- publicans in the South. GREENBACKS. A name popularly applied to the legal-tender notes issued by the United States Government during the Civil War and since. The printing upon the back of these notes has always been in green ink, which explains the origin of the term. For the history of these issues, see Money. GREEN-BARKED ACACIA, akii'sha or ft-ka'shi-a. See Parkix.soni.. GREEN BASS. A local name for the large- mouthed black bass. See Bass. GREEN BAY. A large arm of Lake ]Iichi- gan. extending from the northwestern part of the lake 120 miles southwest into Wisconsin (Map: Wisconsin, F 4). It is 10 to 20 miles wide, and its great depth (over 110 feet) gives the water a green color, whence its name. It receives the Fox River at the city of Green Bay. GREEN BAY. A city, port of entry, and the county-seat of Brown County, Wis., 113 miles north of Milwaukee, at the head of Green Bay and at the mouth of Fox River, on the Chicago and Northwestern, the Chicago. Milwaukee and S:unt Paul, the Green Bay and Western, and the Kewaunee. Green Bay and Western railroads (Map: Wisconsin, F 4). It has the Kellogg Library, occupying a fine new building (Car- negie), Iiandsome municipal and Federal build- ings, and Hagemeister Park and Race Track, while just beyond the city limits is the State Reformatory. There are six bridges, three each across Fox and East rivers. The capacious har- bor admits the largest lake steamers, and the city carries nn an extensive trade in lumber, fish, and grain. The manufactured products in- clude canned goods, beer, paper, furniture, and wood-working machinery. The government is ad- ministered under a charter of 1882, revised in 1890, by an annually elected mayor and a uni- cameral council, which elects the school board, assessors, street superintendent and assistant, lire chief, and poor commissioner, and confirms the executive's appointments to the board of health, police board, and police ollicers. Popu- lation, in 1890, 9000: in 1900. 18.084. Green Baj- is built near the site of an ancient Indian village, which was visited by Nicollet in 1039. and at which, in 1609, Father AUoucz es- tablished a Jesuit mission, where, by 1073, over 2000 Indians had been baptized. In 1680 a military station was established here by Tonty; but both mission and fort seem to have been deserted by 1730, and the first permanent set- tlement in Wisconsin was made here by Langlade in 174.5. In 1701 the English took possession and built Fort Edward Augustus (abandoned in 1703) ; in 1790 they surrendered the place to the Americans, who, in 1810, built Fort Howard on the west side of Fox River, around which u settlement grew. The first newspaper in Wiscon- sin was published here in 1833. Green Bay was incorporated as a borough in 1838, and in 1854 was chartered as a city. Fort Howard was united with Green Bav in 1896. Consult: Durrie, Grerii Bay for Two Hundred Years. 16S9-1S39 (Madi- son, Wis.. 1872), and an article, "The Old Town of Green Bay," in ilnfjazine of American Bislonj, vol. xxiii. (New York, 1889); Historic Green Bay (1895). GREENBONE, or GOREBILL. Names in England for the gar (Belone vulgaris) . See Gab. GREENBRIER. See Smilax. GREEN'BRIER. A tributary of New River, an affluent of the Great Kanaw^ha River, West Virginia (Map: West Virginia. D 3). It rises in the Shaver Mountains in Randolph County, and after a southw'estern course through a pictu- resque valley between the main Alleghanies and the (Ireen Brier Ridge, flows into New River at Hinton, GREEN BRIER MOUNTAINS. A ridge west of and parallel with the main chain of the Alleghany ^Mountains, in West Virginia (Jlap: West Virginia, D 3). Greenbrier, the highest point of the ridge, is 3500 feet high. Near it is located Greenbrier White Sulphur Springs, one of the m'ost frequented and fashionable of West ^'ivginia sjias. GREEN'BUSH, N. Y. See Rensselaeb, N. Y. GREEN'CASTLE. A city and the county-seat of Putnam County, Ind., 40 miles west of In- dianapolis, on the Louisville, New Albany and Chicago, the Cleveland, Cincinnati, Chicago and Saint Louis, and the Vandalia Line railroads (Jlap: Indiana, C 3). It is the seat of the De Pauw L'niversity (q.v.), and has a public li- brary. The most important manufactures in- clude lumber, lightning-rods, and drag -saws. Greencastle was settled in 1S22 and was incor- porated in 1849. Lender a charter revi-scd in 1895, the government is administered by a mayor, elected every two vears, and a municipal coun- cil. Population, in 1890, 4300: in 1900, 3661. GREEN COVE SPRINGS. A town and (he county-seat of Clay County. Fla,, 30 miles south of .Jacksonville, on the Saint Johns River, ami
