HOE. 124 HOEVEN. retains its prpemincncc anion'; printinfrpros-i makers, lie was one of the organizers and first president of the Urolier t'liili, the well-known New York organization for the promotion of book -making as an art. He edited Mabcrley's J'rint Collector (1880). See Pbi.ntino. HOECKE, VAN DEX. A family of Flemish paintii-. .Ia.n ilOll-.')!), a portrait and tijfure jiainler, was a pupil of his father, Caspar, and of Rubens. After studying also in Italy and exeeuting eoininissioiis for the Kmperor of Aus- tria, he settled, in 11147, in AiitwiTp. as court painter to the Areliduko Leopohl Wilhelni. With that prince's eolleetion, a number of his best works eaine into the possession of the Vienna Gallery; others are at Antwerp. His portraits resemble 'an Dyek's rather than those of Ru- bens. His brother RoiiRECilT (I(i22-4S), a|^o a pupil of his father, was an architect of note. As controller of the fortifications of Flanders, he painted many views of camps, battles, and cities, very detailed in execution and pleasing in color. His work is also well represented in tlie Vienna Gallery. HOEFER, iR-'fer. EDMtNn (1819-82). A Ger- man iioveli-^t. He was born at Greifswald, was educated there, and in the universities of Heidel- berg and Berlin, His first stories appeared in 184.5, and from that time onward he wrote many novels marked by excellence of char- acterization, .such as: Scbuanuirk (18.5G) ; lie- irrglcs Lrhrn (ISoO) ; Xoricii. lriiuiiiiiii;icncincr alien Frau (1858); Die lloiwraliorcittochtcr (1861); Altcrmanii Kylcr (ISIm): A'iii Fhidlinq (1808) ; Drr Junhcr (1878) ; and /» tier Ictztcn Hlundc (1881). The eighth edition of his Wie das Volk spricht was published in 1876. HOEFNAGEL, hnr.f'nii'Gtl. .Iooris (1.545- lOKSi. A Dutch miniature painter, born at Ant- werp. He was a pupil of .Ian Bol at Mechlin, and for some time was at the Court of Bavaria. He then went to Prague, and finally to Vienna. His niasterpie<'e is in the museum there, a Roman missal done for the Ardiduke Ferdinand. It is elaborately ornamented, and he worked on it for eight years (1582-90). Anotlier fine work of Hoefnagel's is a miniature view of Seville (157,3), in the Brussels Museum. — His son jAKonts ( 1575-?) was Court painter to the Em- peror Rudolph II. HOENSBROFCH, hens'breK, Paul, Count (1852 — I. A Oerman theologian, born at Castle Haag, in the Province of Gelderland. When nine years old he entered the .Jesuit school in Feldkircli. Afterwards he attended the .Jesuit college at Stonyhurst, in Kngland, and then studied law and history at the universities of Bonn, Wiirzburg, and Giittingen. In 1876 he set out on his travels through France. Portugal. Spain. Xorthem Africa, and Italy, and in 1878 entered the Society of .Jesus. While a member of the .Society he wrote: Der Kirrhenstaat in seiner dorftnatischen und hintorischen Bedeutung (1889), and Christ uml Widerehrist. Ein Beitrag Siir Vertcidigung der flottheit Christi und zur Charal-teri.ttik des I'nijinubens in der protentnn- tischrn Theologie (1892). In 1893 he left the Jesuit Order, and published a work entitled Mein Aunlritt nils dem ■lesuitennrdrn (189.'?), which led to a bitter attack upon him by the Ultramon- tane press. Two years later he joined the Evan- gelical Church. His later writings include: .IfoJcnitT Jcsuitismus ( 1893) ; Der konfessioiietle t'riedc und die dt:ulsehen Jesuilen der (Jegen- tcart ( 1896) ; and Ua.s I'apsttum in seiner soeial- kiiltiirellen Wirksumkeit (vol. i., 3d ed., 1901; vol. ii. 1902). HOERNLE^ hOrn'lc, Kidolk Auci stis Fbed- EBic (1841—). An English Orientalist and prominent authority on Indian antiquities and languages. He was born at Agra, in East India ; was educated at Esslingcn, Stuttgart, Basel, and Tiibingen ; became a missionary of the Eng- lish Church at ^lirat in 1865; and taught for four yeras at the .Jay Narain's Col- lege ill licnares. He entered the govern- mental educatiiuial service in 1881, after several years as principal of the mission college at Calcutta, and until 1899, when he retired and returned to England, was principal of the Calcutta Madrasah. He edited: Chnmla's dram- mar of the Ancient I'rakrit ( 1880) ; 7'/ie I'rithira} Hasan (1886); and The UrusagaiUitiuo with Ahhaijadcia's Commentary (1888-90) ; translated The Suiriilasamhila, or the Uindw fiiislem of Medicine (1897 sqq.); and wrote, among other linguistic works of considerable iniiiortance, A Con^paralite (Irammar of the (laudian Languages (1880), and with Grierson, the incomplete Com- parntiic Dictionary of the lichari Language (1885 sqq.). HOEVELL, hnrj'vcl, Walter RonERT van. Baron (1812-79), A Dutch author and colonial statesman, bom at Dcvenlcr. He studied theology at (Jroningen, and in 1836 went to Bavaria, where in the following year, he founded the Tijdschrift ran Xcdcrlandseh- Indie. I'"or the emancipation of the slaves and for the spread of Christianity in the Dutch Indies van Iloevell accomplished much, especially by his writings. He also edited and translated various Malaysian poems, among which Sjair liidnsari (1843) deserves mention. But his greatest work was in colonial politics. From 1849 to 1854 he published Kcis ever Java, Madura en liabi, which joined a keen criticism of governmental methods of the time with a bril- liant description of East Indian scenery and life. Returning to Holland in 1848, he was elected to the House of Deputies, where for thirteen years he was leader of the Liberal Colonial Party. His parliamentary speeches deljvcred during this period (published 1862-66) are models. Van Hoevell was named Councilor of State in 1862. His sketches, Vit het Indisehe leven (1860, 2d ed.. 1865), met with immense success, and in 1808 were published in Orman. HOEVEN, hoT/vrn (Hoof'en), -Tan van dek (1 802 68). A distinguished Dutch naturalist. He was bom in Rotterdam; studied medicine and natural history at I.eyden and Paris; be- came professor of zoiilogy at I>eyden in 1826, and held this position until his death. His most important work is his Hnndbock der Dierkunde (2 vols., 1827-33). An English translation, by Professor Clark of Cambridge, under the title Handbook of Zoology, was issued, with impor- tant additions by both the author and the editor, in 1856-58. — His elder brother. Cobnelis Pbits (1792-1871), was professor of medicine in the Tniversity of Leyden. and author of several im- portant works, including: Dc Uistoria Medicinw (1842) : De Hiatnria Morborum (1846) ; and De Eistoria iledicamentorum (1847).
